Unit1Art（語法虛擬語氣）備課資料

Unit1Art語法虛擬語氣備課資料★虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句含義從句謂語動詞形式主句謂語動詞形式典型例句與現(xiàn)在事實相反一般過去時（be動詞常用were）Would/Should/Could/Might+動詞原形IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.如果我有時間的話，我就參加會議。與將來事實相反一般過去時（be動詞常用wereWould/Should/Could/Might+動詞原形Ifyoucame,(shouldcome/weretocome)tomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.如果明天你來，我們就召開會議。Should+動詞原形Wereto+動詞原形含義從句謂語動詞形式主句謂語動詞形式典型例句與過去事實相反過去完成時Would/Should/Could/Might+have+過去分詞Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexam.如果你聽了我的建議的話，你就不會不及格了。課堂學習使用虛擬條件句時要注意以下幾點：1）當條件狀語從句所表示的行為和主句所表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，被稱為“錯綜時間條件句”，動詞的形式要根據(jù)他所表示的時間做出相應的調(diào)整。如：Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,youwouldbebetternow.如果你剛才聽了我的建議的話，你現(xiàn)在就好多了。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果以前你努力學習，你現(xiàn)在就是大學生了。2）If省略句在條件句中可省略if,把were,had,should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。如：Iwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.→wereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.2.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebus.→hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebusitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.→Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing3）用介詞短語代替條件狀語從句。常用的介詞有with,,without,butfor.如:Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?=Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?有一百萬你會干什么？Withoutyouhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.沒有你的幫助，我們不可能提前完成這項工作。4）有時為了表達的需要，在虛擬語氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導的條件句，而是用其它手段來代替條件句。例如：Iwasillthatday.OtherwiseIwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.(副詞)Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(連詞)Ishouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.(連詞)★（1）．表示堅持、命令、建議、要求等詞后的賓語從句中，謂語用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。這些詞包括：一堅持：insist二命令：order,command三建議：suggest,propose,advise四要求：request,require,demand,askShedemandedthatshebekeptinformedofdevelopments.他要求繼續(xù)向他報告事態(tài)發(fā)展情況。Thedoctoradvisedthathe(should)changehisjob.醫(yī)生勸他換工作。(2).wish后的賓語從句含義從句謂語動詞形式典型例句針對現(xiàn)在表達愿望（與事實相反）一般過去時（be動詞常用were）IwishIhadalittlelabofmyown.但愿我有一間屬于自己的小實驗室。針對將來表達愿望Would/Could/Might+動詞原形Iwishyouwouldn’tsmokeanymore.我希望你