讀后續(xù)寫微技能氛圍營(yíng)造法

讀后續(xù)寫微技能|氛圍營(yíng)造法之二|3大高潮營(yíng)造法MoreTension=SatisfyingClimax1Whatisaclimaxofastory?(什么是故事高潮?)文學(xué)故事中的高潮(climax)----故事的主要場(chǎng)景(keyscene)也通常是故事的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)(turningpoint)，是指故事達(dá)到最緊張或扣人心弦的那一部分。高潮有時(shí)候是劇情中的"危機(jī)"點(diǎn)。有時(shí)候，它只是達(dá)到關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻或者轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，發(fā)生了一些事情，或者主角必須做出決定，從而導(dǎo)致一個(gè)結(jié)果或其他。我們?cè)诜治鰯⑹骂惞适禄蛘咝≌f(shuō)故事的時(shí)候常常用下面的圖表來(lái)表示故事情節(jié)。

Story

fountainResolutionJhisIshovthingsendupinthestory.ClimaxResolutionJhisIshovthingsendupinthestory.Climax7hisiswhenth&prabf&mreachesahighpoint!Qackground7hisincludestheInfroduGtionofcharactersandsetting.Thisincludesthe

eventsleadingupto

themainproblemor

Gonfliat.Falling

ActionThisisFalling

ActionThisiswhenthe

charactersworkto

solvetheproblem

orGonffiat.Alittlegirlhasbeensearchingforherlostdog.Allofasudden,shehearsabarkcomingfromaroundthecorner,andshelooksaroundtosee...Kevinhasworkedveryhardtotryoutforthesoccerteamatschool.Thecoachhaspostedalistofthisyear'steammembersonhisofficedoor.Kevinwalksforwardtolookatthelist....Mary'sparentshavebeendiscussingwhetherornottomovetoanotherstate.TheycallMaryandhersisterdowntotalkwiththemabouttheirdecision...Loishasperformedinthestategymnasticsfinals.Shewaitsanxiouslytohearthenamesofthewinners.Theannouncersays,"Andfirstplacegoesto...”文學(xué)名著中的一些故事高潮ThedeathsofRomeo（whokillshimselfbecausehethinksJulietisdead）andJuliet（whokillsherselfwhensheawakesandseesRomeodead）.RomeoandJuliet,Shakespeare（羅密歐和朱麗葉，莎士比亞）WhenGastonandthetownspeoplecometoattackthebeast,andBelleadmitsherloveforthebeast.BeautyandtheBeast,Disney（美女與野獸，迪士尼）In"TheThreeLittlePigs,"suspensebuildsupuntiltheconfrontationbetweenthethirdpigandthewolf.Thisconfrontationistheclimax.（三只小豬）2Howtocreateaclimaxofastory?（如何營(yíng)造故事的高潮？）方法1.增加外部沖突增加外部沖突是一種明顯有效的可以達(dá)到故事高潮的方式。沖突帶來(lái)緊迫感，將故事推向必要的解決或崩潰。1）角色之間的沖突（人物觀點(diǎn)差異，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)需要等）如：2017年11月浙江英語(yǔ)高考：Onthefourthorfifthnight,wehadtroublefindingahotelwithavacancy.Afterdrivinginvainforsometime,Momsuddenlygotagreatidea:Whydidn'twefindahousewithalikely-lookingbackyardandaskifwecouldsetuptentthere?DavidandIbecamenervous.開(kāi)車找旅館---徒勞無(wú)功---母親建議搭帳篷在他人后院---David和我倍感緊張，心有不悅（母子的觀點(diǎn)不一）2）角色與環(huán)境之間的沖突如：2017年6月浙江英語(yǔ)高考：ThenMacheardquickandloudbreathingbehindhimhesawinstantlythatitwasn'tadogatall,butawolf:quicklycatchingupwithhim.Mac'sheartjumped,hefiredthesprayatthewolf.Abrightredcloudenvelopedtheanimal,andtoMac'srelief,itfellback,shakingitshead.Butaminutelater,Thenit,tearingopenhistentbag.Hefiredatthewolfasecondtime,andagain,itfellbackMac騎車獨(dú)自行，路遇餓狼，與之搏斗，險(xiǎn)象環(huán)生。（人（角色）----狼（環(huán)境）大戰(zhàn)）3）時(shí)間依賴的發(fā)展：決策變得緊急如：2017年6月浙江英語(yǔ)高考：Thecarabruptlystoppedinfrontofhim."Getintothecar."PaulshoutedatMac.MacjumpedoffthebikeandslidintothecarwithoutdelayasthewolfwasjusttwostepsawayandwasabouttotearMacintopieces.Whatanarrowescape!騎車突停面前---急喊上車---Max上車避險(xiǎn)---餓狼近在咫尺（此情此景，刻不容緩）4）增加的障礙：人物角色必須克服挑戰(zhàn)，以達(dá)到他們的目標(biāo)例如：2018年6月高考Butbeforewejumpedoffthehorses,wefoundthatwehadbeenoffthebeatentrackandgotlost.Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.Exhaustedandhungry,Iwonderedifwecouldfindourwayback.小兔突現(xiàn)---馬兒受驚---草原迷路（障礙1）----天色漸黑（障礙2）----乂累乂餓（障礙3）----心理恐慌（障礙4）方法2.放大內(nèi)心沖突放大內(nèi)心沖突（你的角色的內(nèi)心斗爭(zhēng)）也有助于建立一個(gè)高度緊張和不確定的時(shí)刻?，F(xiàn)在我們?cè)趤?lái)看高考讀后續(xù)寫中的內(nèi)心沖突是如何體現(xiàn)的：2016年10月浙江高考：Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.Jane,exhaustedandscared,laydownnearastone,missingherfamilyatadistance.Allthefantasticmemorycrowdedinandshecouldn'thelpcrying,"Hadn'tIquarrelledwithTom,walkedawayandclimbedtothehighplace,Iwouldn'tbetrappedinthisawfulplace,confrontedwiththedangerofdying.”Sheregrettedwithendlessanxiety,andthenbecameasleepwithshiningtearsinhereyes.夫婦爭(zhēng)吵___獨(dú)自行走---荒野走散---夜色漸黑---獨(dú)處森林---陰森恐怖---后悔莫及（內(nèi)心沖突的刻畫）內(nèi)心獨(dú)白（往昔對(duì)比+虛擬語(yǔ)氣使用+旁邊描寫是常見(jiàn)技巧之一）方法3.使用環(huán)境描寫增加不確定性充分利用環(huán)境描寫可以起到烘托故事高潮的作用，具體方法可以看上期讀后續(xù)寫微技能。當(dāng)故事角色在碰到困難時(shí)候，我們往往要加大筆墨來(lái)描寫故事環(huán)境的黑暗，恐怖和不祥。強(qiáng)化環(huán)境描寫增強(qiáng)了高潮元素。我們感受到了緊張的倍增。例1:Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest（黑暗）