2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)UNIT8GREENLIVINGTOPICTALK練習(xí)含解析北師大版必修3

Unit8GreenLivingTopicTalk聆聽(tīng)經(jīng)典·話題熱身EarthSong《地球之歌》,是美國(guó)流行天王邁克爾·杰克遜于1995年發(fā)行的個(gè)人單曲,收錄于專輯History中。這首歌曲或許可以說(shuō)是以“地球的名義”而唱的,歌詞內(nèi)容大致是描述當(dāng)時(shí)的環(huán)境和社會(huì)的破壞與不和諧,表達(dá)了邁克爾·杰克遜對(duì)地球的熱愛(ài)。此曲推出后大獲好評(píng),成為邁克爾·杰克遜演唱會(huì)的保留曲目。

注:聽(tīng)音填空EarthSong—MichaelJacksonWhataboutsunrise①Whataboutrain

WhataboutallthethingsThatyousaidweweretogainWhataboutkillingfieldsIsthereatimeWhataboutallthethingsThatyousaidwasyoursandmineDidyoueverstoptonoticeAllthebloodwe’veshedbeforeDidyoueverstoptonoticeThecryingEarththeweepingshoresWhathavewedonetotheworld②Lookwhatwe’vedone

WhataboutallthepeaceThatyoupledgeyouronlysonWhataboutfloweringfieldsIsthereatimeWhataboutallthedreamsThatyousaidwasyoursandmineDidyoueverstoptonoticeAllthechildrendeadfromwarDidyoueverstoptonoticeThecryingEarththeweepingshores③IusedtodreamIusedtoglancebeyondthestarsNowIdon’tknowwhereweareAlthoughIknowwe’vedriftedfarHey,whataboutyesterday(Whataboutus)Whatabouttheseas(Whataboutus)Theheavensarefallingdown(Whataboutus)Ican’tevenbreathe(Whataboutus)Whataboutlostagain(Whataboutus)Ilandedthewoe(Whataboutus)Whataboutnature’sworthIt’sourplanet’swomb(Whataboutus)Whataboutanimals(Whataboutit)We’veturnedkingdomstodust(Whataboutus)Whataboutelephants(Whataboutus)Havewelosttheirtrust(Whataboutus)Whataboutcryingwhales(Whataboutus)We’reravagingtheseas(Whataboutus)歌曲譯文:地球之歌——邁克爾·杰克遜日出呢雨呢還有你說(shuō)過(guò)我們會(huì)得到的一切呢殺戮的土地呢有沒(méi)有結(jié)束的時(shí)候還有你說(shuō)過(guò)屬于你和我的一切呢你有沒(méi)有停下來(lái)想想我們?cè)鴵]灑下的血汗你有沒(méi)有停下來(lái)看看流淚的地球,哭泣的海岸我們對(duì)世界做了什么看看我們做了什么吧還有你向獨(dú)子許諾過(guò)的一切和平呢鮮花遍布的田野呢有沒(méi)有結(jié)束的時(shí)候還有你說(shuō)過(guò)屬于你和我的所有夢(mèng)想呢你有沒(méi)有停下來(lái)想想戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中死去的那些孩子你有沒(méi)有停下來(lái)看看流淚的地球,哭泣的海岸我曾經(jīng)夢(mèng)想我曾經(jīng)遙望群星之上如今不知我們身在何方盡管我明白我們漂泊了太遠(yuǎn)嘿,昨天呢(我們呢)海洋呢(我們呢)天堂跌落(我們呢)我簡(jiǎn)直不能呼吸(我們呢)再次失去呢(我們呢)我造成了這次災(zāi)難(我們呢)寶貴的自然呢那是我們地球的孕育地(我們呢)動(dòng)物呢(它呢)我們把它們的王國(guó)化為灰燼(我們呢)大象呢(我們呢)我們是不是已失去它們的信任(我們呢)哭泣的鯨魚(yú)呢(我們呢)我們污染了海洋(我們呢)主題活動(dòng)·話題實(shí)踐Topic:GreenLiving

Ⅰ.話題詞匯1.ourexhibitionongreenliving我們關(guān)于綠色生活的展覽2.understandthisconceptaftertheexhibition 在展覽后了解這個(gè)概念3.introducevarioustypesofpollution 介紹不同種類的污染4.causedifferentkindsofenvironmentalproblems 造成各種各樣的環(huán)境問(wèn)題5.affectourenvironmentandourhealth影響我們的環(huán)境和健康6.agoodwaytoreducepollution 一個(gè)減少污染的好方法7.leadagreenlife 綠色生活8.liveinharmonywithnature 與自然和諧相處9.createmoregreenspaces 創(chuàng)造更多綠色空間10.ourfightagainstproblemslikeglobalwarming我們與全球變暖等問(wèn)題的斗爭(zhēng)Ⅱ.話題情境根據(jù)情境和提示完成對(duì)話。W:I’vefinallyfinishedmyworktoday.James,canyougivemeacup,please?Iwanttodrinksomewater.M:OK.Hereyouare.Oh,wait.Usethisone,please.W:1.Whycan’tIusethatone(為什么我不能用那個(gè))?

M:Thatcupismadeofseaweed.Ifyouuseittoholdhotwater,it’llbedamagedandI’mafraidyou’llgetscalded.W:Thenwhydidyoubuysuchcups?M:YouknowI2.careabouttheenvironment(愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境)verymuch.Nowweproducetoomuchwasteeveryday.Differentfromplasticandpapercups,thiskindofcupcandisappearwithinthirtydaysoutdoorsandtheydonoharmtosoil.Ithinkit’s3.agoodwaytoreducepollution(一個(gè)減少污染的好方法).

W:That’samazing.Couldyougotothesupermarketwithmetomorrow?Iwanttobuysomesuchcups,too.M:OK.Ididn’tknowyoualsocareabouttheenvironment.W:Well,Ithinkweallshoulddowhatwecanto4.liveinharmonywithnature(與自然和諧相處).

M:Ican’tagreemore.要點(diǎn)精研·探究學(xué)習(xí)1.desertn.沙漠,荒原vt.遺棄,拋棄*(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Above4,000metersisthehighlanddesert:gravel,stonesandrocks.海拔4000米以上是高地沙漠:礫石、石塊和巖石。*Thepolicearelookingforthewomanwhodesertedchildren.警方正在尋找那位遺棄孩子們的婦人。*Thevillageshadbeendeserted.這些村莊已經(jīng)荒無(wú)人煙了。desertsb./sth.拋棄/遺棄某人/物deserted adj.荒蕪的;被遺棄的;無(wú)人居住的【巧學(xué)助記】Tohissurprise,hefoundadesertedhutinthedesert.使他驚奇的是,他在沙漠中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)廢棄的小屋。(1)語(yǔ)法填空。Whenhereachedtheoldtemple,hefounditdeserted(desert)andinruins.(2)HewenttotheSaharalastyearwhichisthebiggestdesertintheworld.

去年他去了撒哈拉,它是世界上最大的沙漠。(3)Mike’sconfidenceseemedtohavedesertedhim.

邁克似乎喪失了信心。2.globaladj.全球的,全世界的;全面的,總體的*Thescientistsarecarryingoutastudyontheeffectsofglobalwarming.科學(xué)家們正在研究全球變暖所帶來(lái)的影響。*Weneedtotakeamoreglobalapproachtotheproblem.我們需要采取更全面的方法解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。*Themoreweglobalize,themorewelocalize.全球化程度越高,我們就越本土化。*(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Thepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadingglobally.這些平臺(tái)在全球范圍內(nèi)越來(lái)越受歡迎。(1)globen.地球,世界(2)globally adv.全球地;全局地;世界上globalize v.使……全球化(1)語(yǔ)法填空。①Chinarankedfirstinglobal(globe)artsaleslastyear.②Globally(global),growthisatitsweakestsincetherecoverybeganalmosttwoyearsago.③Astheworldbecomesmorecomplex,somethingsdo,ofcourse,standardizeandglobalize(globe).(2)Withthedevelopmentofindustry,globalwarming(全球變暖)isbecomingamoreandmoreseriousproblem.

3.solutionn.解決,解決方法*There’snosimplesolutiontothisproblem.這個(gè)問(wèn)題沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單的解決辦法。*Attemptsarebeingmadetosolvetheproblemofwastedisposal.正在努力想辦法解決廢物處理的問(wèn)題。(1)solutionto...解決……的方法(2)solve vt.解決;解答(1)語(yǔ)法填空。①Doyouhaveabettersolution(solve)?②Thesolutiontotheseproblemsisaneasyone.(2)Theirdomesticreformsdidnothingtosolvetheproblemofunemployment.

他們的國(guó)內(nèi)改革沒(méi)有采取任何措施來(lái)解決失業(yè)問(wèn)題。4.balancen.平衡vt.使平衡*(2019·天津高考)Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.這些行為極大地影響了生態(tài)平衡。*Alittlechildhastolearntokeephisbalancebeforehecanwalkfar.小孩子在能走遠(yuǎn)之前要先學(xué)會(huì)保持平衡。*Onbalance,thecompanyhashadasuccessfulyear.總的來(lái)說(shuō),公司這一年是成功的。*Weshoulddowhatwecantokeepthebalanceofnature.我們應(yīng)該盡我們所能保持生態(tài)平衡?！緦?dǎo)圖理詞】【巧學(xué)助記】(1)語(yǔ)法填空。①Thecostofobtaininglegaladviceneedstobebalancedagainstitsbenefits.②Hecutdownoncoffeeandcigarettes,andateabalanced(balance)diet.(2)Onbalance(總的來(lái)說(shuō))biotechnologyshouldbegoodnewsfordevelopingcountries.

(3)It’sdifficulttokeepyourbalanceonanicypavement.

人行道上結(jié)了冰,要想保持平衡不容易。(4)一句多譯。我身體失去平衡,摔了一跤。①I(mǎi)lostmybalanceandfell.(lose)

②Iwasoutofbalanceandfell.(be)

5.fightagainst為反對(duì)……而斗爭(zhēng)*(2019·北京高考)ThecityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughtofightagainstheavyfloods.埃利斯·切斯布羅說(shuō)服了城市規(guī)劃者與嚴(yán)重的洪水作斗爭(zhēng)。*Aheroisbraveenoughtofightforhiscountry.英雄有足夠的勇氣去為自己的國(guó)家戰(zhàn)斗。*Hefoughtwithamaninthebar.他在酒吧里和一個(gè)男人斗毆。*Thatisnotworthfightingabout.那件事不值得爭(zhēng)辯。fightfor為……而戰(zhàn)fightwith 與……并肩作戰(zhàn);與……作斗爭(zhēng)fightabout... 關(guān)于……而爭(zhēng)論(1)語(yǔ)法填空。①I(mǎi)hopetheycontinuetofightforequaljusticeafterI’mgone.②ManypeoplefoughtwiththeIraqiagainstBush.(2)ThatiswhatIwillfightabout.

那就是我將爭(zhēng)辯的事情。課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)五Unit8TopicTalkⅠ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Sunlightreflectionmayrelieveglobal(globe)warming.2.Measuresforpreventingandcontrollingindustrial(industry)pollutionhavegraduallybeenperfected.3.Theorganizationwassetuptopreserveendangeredspeciesfromextinction(extinct).4.Inthefuture,wewillhavemorequicktransportation(transport)means.5.WiththehelpofourEnglishteacher,wehadadiscussionandfinallycameupwithapropersolution(solve).6.Besides,manyparentshavelimitedknowledgeaboutwhatabalanced(balance)dietis.

7.IwilldomypartformystudyinEnglish.8.MrsLuhrsnoweditsamagazine,whichpublishestipsonhowtobuyrecycled(recycle)furniture.9.Theprojectisaimedatmakingsomecompaniesreusealldeserted(desert)plasticbottles.10.Hetapped(tap)meontheshoulderandthengavemeabrightsmile.Ⅱ.選詞填空keepone’sbalance,typesof,fightagainst,doone’spartfor,liveinharmonywith1.Thelittlegirlstruggledtokeepherbalanceonhernewskates.

2.I’lldomypartforfinishingitassoonaspossible.

3.Wealwaysdesiretoliveinharmonywithourneighbors.

4.Wemustallfightagainstunfairnessandcruelty.

5.Chinaisfamousformanydifferenttypesoffolkdances.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Wehadexperimentedwithseveralsolutionstothisproblembeforefindingaproperone.

在找到一個(gè)合適的解決方案之前,我們已經(jīng)試驗(yàn)了好幾種解決方案。(solution)2.It’sverydifficultformetokeepmybalanceonanicystreet.

我很難在結(jié)冰的街道上保持平衡。(balance)3.Greatachievementscanbedoneifhumansliveinharmonywithnature.

如果人類與自然和諧相處,就能取得巨大的成就。(liveinharmonywith...)4.Whataninterestingbook!

多么有趣的一本書(shū)啊!(感嘆句)5.Tooursurprise,somepeopleareignorantofthefactsaboutglobalwarming.

令我們驚訝的是,有些人對(duì)全球變暖的事實(shí)一無(wú)所知。(global)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·合肥高一檢測(cè))Asolar-poweredcarthatcanbechargedasitrunsisbeingtestedinGermany.Munich-basedmanufacturer(制造商)SonoMotorshasbuiltthenewtype,namedSion,andwilllikelyhelptheEuropeanpowerhousehititsnationaltargetof1millionelectriccarsontheroadby2020.SonoMotorshassolarcellsfixedintoSion’sbodywork,withatotalof330solarcellsbuiltintotheroof,bonnetandsidesofthevehicle.Theseenablethevehicle’sbatterytobechargedwhensunlightishittingthesolarcells,whetheritisontheroad,orparkedinthesunnyspotinacarpark.Thesolar-poweredvehicleissettobelaunchedinGermanyin2019.SonoMotorswantsSiontobeuniversalandallowsthecartobechargedusingsolarenergyaswellasconventionaloutlets(電源插座),socarownersaren’tleftoncloudydays.Thefirmhasmadea2019dateformassproduction,whichwillbeundertaken(承擔(dān))byaEuropeanmanufacturer.Some6,500peoplehavealreadyplacedordersfortheelectricvehicle.PricesforSiontendtostartfrom16,000nextyear.Theall-electricvehiclewillofferarangeofaround250kmbeforethebatteryrunsoutcompletelyanditneedsrechargingeitherbysolarpowerorusingawallplug,thecompanysaid.Sionwasdesignedoriginallyasanenvironmentallyconsciouscar,butwillalsoincludeanumberoffeaturesdesignedaroundcomforttohelpitcompetewithothermodernvehicles.“Wehaveaseatheater,airconditioning,andalargeentertainmentsystemwhereIcanalsoconnectmyphone,whichmeansIreallyhaveafullvehicle,”LaurinHahn,co-founderofthecompanytoldReuters.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了德國(guó)生產(chǎn)的一款太陽(yáng)能汽車(chē)Sion。1.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph3?A.Thecarispopularontheroad.B.Thecarhasaverylargebattery.C.Thereare330solarcellsonthecar.D.Wherethereissunlight,Sioncanbecharged.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theseenablethevehicle’sbatterytobechargedwhensunlightishittingthesolarcells,whetheritisontheroad,orparkedinthesunnyspotinacarpark.”可知,當(dāng)陽(yáng)光照射到太陽(yáng)能電池上時(shí),無(wú)論這款車(chē)是在路上還是停在停車(chē)場(chǎng)里陽(yáng)光充足的地方,電池都能充電。所以只要有陽(yáng)光,這款車(chē)就能充電。故選D項(xiàng)。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)aunched”inParagraph4mean?A.designedB.releasedC.improvedD.recalled【解析】選B。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第六段“Thefirmhasmadea2019dateformassproduction,whichwillbeundertakenbyaEuropeanmanufacturer.”可知,該公司已經(jīng)確定了2019年大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)的日期,這將由一家歐洲制造商承擔(dān)。所以這款太陽(yáng)能汽車(chē)即將在2019年上市。由此判斷出畫(huà)線詞是“發(fā)布”的意思。故選B項(xiàng)。3.Whydoesn’tthecarbreakdownwhenitiscloudy?A.Becauseitismadefromtherainproofmaterial.B.Becauseitcanbechargedbycloudsoncloudydays.C.Becauseitcanstoreagreatdealofenergy.D.Becauseitcanbechargedbyconventionalpoweroutlets.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“SonoMotorswantsSiontobeuniversalandallowsthecartobechargedusingsolarenergyaswellasconventionaloutlets,socarownersaren’tleftoncloudydays.”可知,即使在陰天,Sion也可以使用,因?yàn)檫@款車(chē)可以使用傳統(tǒng)的插座充電。故選D項(xiàng)。4.Whatarethefeaturesofthecar?A.Modern,powerfulandpopular.B.Environmentallyfriendly,comfortableandcompetitive.C.Environmentallyfriendly,cheapandsimple.D.Expensive,fashionableandenergy-saving.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Sionwasdesignedoriginallyasanenvironmentallyconsciouscar,butwillalsoincludeanumberoffeaturesdesignedaroundcomforttohelpitcompetewithothermodernvehicles.”可知,Sion最初是作為一款環(huán)保汽車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)的,但它也將包括一些圍繞舒適性設(shè)計(jì)的功能,以幫助它與其他現(xiàn)代汽車(chē)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。所以這款車(chē)環(huán)保、舒適、具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。故選B項(xiàng)。B“Whatkindofrubbishareyou?”Thisquestionmightnormallycauseanger,butinShanghaiithasbecomeaspecial“greeting”amongpeopleoverthepastweek.OnJuly1st,thecityintroducedstricttrash-sortingregulations(條例>thatarerequiredtofollowandexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.Residentsmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandtoss(投放)itintospecificpublicdustbins.Theymustdosoatspecifiedtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurecorrecttrash-tossingandtoaskthenatureofone’srubbish.Individualswhofailtofollowtheregulationsfacethepossibilityoffinesandworse.Theycouldbepunishedwithfinesofupto200yuan($29).Forthosewhorepeattogoagainstthem,thegovernmentcanaddblackmarkstotheircreditrecords,makingitharderforthemtogetbankloansorevenbuytraintickets.Shanghaigovernmentisrespondingtoanobviousenvironmentalproblem.Itgenerates9milliontonsofgarbageayear,morethanLondon’sannualoutput,whichisrisingquickly.ButlikeothercitiesinChina,itlacksarecyclingsystem.Instead,ithasreliedontrashpickerstosift(篩選)throughthewaste,pickingoutwhatevercanbereused.Thishaslimits.Aspeoplegetwealthier,fewerofthemwanttodosuchdirtywork.Thewaste,meanwhile,justkeepspilingup.Manyresidentsappeartosupporttheideaofrecyclingingeneralbutareannoyedbythedetails.Rubbishmustbedividedaccordingtowhetheritisfood,recyclable,dryorharmful,thedistinctionsamongwhichcanbeconfusing,thoughthereareappstohelpworkitout.Somehavecomplainedabouttherulesconcerningfoodwaste.Theymustputitstraightintherequiredpublicbins,forcingthemtotearopenplasticbagsandtossitbyhand.Whattheycomplainmostistheshortperiodsfordroppingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morningandevening.Alongwiththemonitorsatthebins,thismeansthatpeoplegoataroundthesametimeandcankeepaneyeonwhatisbeingthrownout;noonewantstolookbad.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要介紹了7月1日上海市出臺(tái)的垃圾分類規(guī)定,有望成為我國(guó)的一個(gè)典范。5.Whatdoweknowaboutthetrash-sortingregulationsinShanghai?A.Theyarethefirstoftheirkind.B.Theyaretiedtoone’sbankaccount.C.Theyhavethehighestfines.D.They’reaidedbymonitors.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Theymustdosoatspecifiedtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurecorrecttrash-tossingandtoaskthenatureofone’srubbish.和最后一段Alongwiththemonitorsatthebins,可知扔垃圾有人監(jiān)督。故選D項(xiàng)。6.WhyhasShanghaiintroducedthetrash-sortingregulations?A.Therearefewerandfewertrashpickers.B.Itaimstobuildanewrecyclingsystem.C.Itfacesmoreandmoreseriousgarbageproblems.D.Peoplethrowtherubbishhereandthere.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知上海市政府正在應(yīng)對(duì)一個(gè)明顯的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。它每年產(chǎn)生900萬(wàn)噸垃圾,比倫敦的年產(chǎn)量還多,并且缺乏回收系統(tǒng)。所以上海出臺(tái)垃圾分類規(guī)定是因?yàn)樗媾R著越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重的垃圾問(wèn)題。故選C項(xiàng)。7.Whatmakestheresidentsupsetmostabouttheregulations?A.Limitedtimefortossingthetrash.B.Confusingdistinctionamongthecategoriesoftrash.C.Beingfinedduetoimproperbehavior.D.Beingwatchedbymonitorswhenthrowingthegarbage.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Whattheycomplainmostistheshortperiodsfordroppingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morningandevening.“他們抱怨最多的是垃圾投放的時(shí)間很短,通常是早晚兩個(gè)小時(shí)?！笨芍永臅r(shí)間規(guī)定讓居民們最不滿。故選A項(xiàng)。8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AGoodWayofTrash-sortingB.ANewEraofGarbageClassificationC.AGreatTimeinDealingwithLitterD.AnEffectiveSolutiontoRubbishProblem【解析】選B。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“OnJuly1st,thecityintroducedstricttrash-sortingregulationsthatarerequiredtofollowandexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.Residentsmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandtossitintospecificpublicdustbins.Theymustdosoatspecifiedtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurecorrecttrash-tossingandtoaskthenatureofone’srubbish.”可知,“垃圾分類的新時(shí)代”符合主旨。故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空Peoplearewastingthingseverywhereandeveryday.Whereverwego,wecanseethatpaper,bottlesandcansarethrownaway;food1.__________(waste)justbecauseofitspoortaste;clothesarethrownaroundsimplyduetotheiroldfashion.Notonlythingsandmoneyarewasted,butnaturalresourcesarewastedaswell.2.__________(tree)arecutdownmerelyforfuel;wildlifeiskilled3.__________(simple)forfood;coalandmineralsareexploited(開(kāi)采)in4.__________badway.

Theworstexampleofman’swasteisthewasteoftime.Manypeopletendtospendtheirtimeon5.__________(worth)things,suchaswanderingabout(漫步)inthestreet,gossipingintheoffice,or6.__________(sleep)toomuchduringtheday.Asweknow,timeissovaluabletousthatitwillneverreturnifit7.__________(pass)by.

Itistime8.__________(call)foranendtowaste.Ontheonehand,wemustsavenaturalresourcesandmakefulluseofthem,9.__________isveryimportanttoourfuture;otherwisehumanbeingswillbefacedwiththelackofnaturalresourcesandsuffer10.__________pollutioncausedbywaste.Ontheotherhand,wemustvalueourtime.Onlywithourtimedevotedtostudyandworkforthepeoplewillweneverregretthelifewehavehad.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了人類在生活中存在嚴(yán)重的浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象,由此呼吁人們停止浪費(fèi)。1.【解析】iswasted。句意:食物因?yàn)槲兜啦缓枚焕速M(fèi)掉。陳述的是客觀事實(shí),food與waste之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),主語(yǔ)是food,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故填iswasted。2.【解析】Trees。句意:人們砍伐樹(shù)木只是為了獲取燃料。tree是可數(shù)名詞,空后的“are”表明此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填Trees。3.【解析】simply。句意:人們捕殺野生動(dòng)物只是為了獲取食物。修飾介詞短語(yǔ)forfood用副詞,故填simply。4.【解析】a。句意:煤和礦物的開(kāi)采方式很糟糕。way是可數(shù)名詞,此處用不定冠詞表泛指,bad的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭,故填a。5.【解析】worthless。句意:許多人傾向于把時(shí)間花在毫無(wú)價(jià)值的事情上,比如在街上閑逛、在辦公室閑聊或者白天睡大覺(jué)。修飾名詞things用形容詞,根據(jù)空后的舉例可知此處表示“無(wú)價(jià)值的”,故填worthless。6.【解析】sleeping。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處與wandering和gossiping并列,用動(dòng)名詞作suchas的賓語(yǔ),故填sleeping。7.【解析】passes。句意:正如我們所知,時(shí)間對(duì)我們是如此寶貴,一去不復(fù)返。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái),主語(yǔ)是it,謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故填passes。8.【解析】tocall。句意:現(xiàn)在是呼吁停止浪費(fèi)的時(shí)候了。Itistimetodosth.是固定句型,表示“是做某事的時(shí)候了”,故填tocall。9.【解析】which。句意:一方面,我們必須節(jié)約和充分利用自然資源,這對(duì)我們的未來(lái)非常重要。此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系詞指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容并在從句中作主語(yǔ),故填which。10.【解析】from。句意:否則,人類將面臨自然資源的匱乏和遭受浪費(fèi)造成的污染。sufferfrom表示“遭受”,故填from。閱讀理解(2020·西安高一檢測(cè))Plasticisusedforfoodpackaging(包裝)andwaterbottlesaswellasmanyotherthingsyouuseeveryday.Lookaround,plasticisallover!Sadly,muchofplasticwasteisthrownintowastelandsorwashedintothesea,breakingdownintoparticles.Particlesareoftentakeninbyanimalsorfish.Unlessyouaretheonewhoonlyeatsvegetables,itishighlylikelythatyouarealsoeatingthisplastic.Besides,whenyoudrinksoftdrinksfromaplasticbottle,youalsohavethedangerofdrinkingadangerouschemical.Ithasbeenprovedthatplasticisconnectedwithsometypesofdiseasesandyoungchildren’sgrowth.Aplasticbottlecanbreakdownintoenoughsmallpiecesoneachseasideinthewholeworld.Theyhavealsobeendiscoveredtocollectinlargeamountsinsealocationswherewindsandcurrents(洋流)areweak.Howdoyouhelptosolvetheproblem?Useastainlesssteel(不銹鋼)bottle.Itisanobviouswaytodealwiththeproblemthathasbeenignoredformanyyears.Manycountriesbecomeincreasinglymorefamiliarwiththepollutionthatisdamagingtheenvironment.It’seasytounderstandwhystepsarebeingtakentodiscoverthingstoreplacetheplastic.Ifyouuseastainlesssteelwaterbottle,youcanhelpcutthenumberofusingplasticbottles,whicharethrownawayandbreakdowngradually.Itmayeventake1,000yearstofadeaway.Inaword,evenbydoingsomethingassmallaschangingyo