英語中的明喻

SIMILE2021/5/91關(guān)于英語Simile，有兩點須加以說明：一、Simile(明喻)通常由三部分構(gòu)成，即本體(tenor或subject)、喻體(vehicle或reference)和比喻詞(comparativeword)或(indicatorofresemblance)?？蓤D示如下：Marriageislike

abeleagueredfortress:↓↓↓(tenor)(comparativeword)(vehicle)thosewhoarewithoutwanttogetin,andthosewithinwanttogetout.(P.M.Quitard)2021/5/92引導(dǎo)明喻的比喻詞(comparativewords)(1)介詞as，like，of等。Iwanderedlonelyasacloud.(W.Wordsworth:TheDaffodils)我像一朵浮云獨自漫游。Theyareaslikeastwopeas.他們兩個長得一模一樣。Hisyoungdaughterlooksasredasarose.他的小女兒面龐紅得象朵玫瑰花。2021/5/93英語里有不少含有明喻的成語，其結(jié)構(gòu)為as+形容詞+as+名詞。例如：asfirmasarockaslightasafeatherascloseasanoysterasmuteasafishasstrongasahorseascoolasacucumberassoberasajudgeassureasagun堅如磐石輕如鴻毛守口如瓶噤若寒蟬強壯如牛泰然自若十分清醒千真萬確2021/5/94Heworks1ikeahorse／beaver／Trojan／black.他拼命地干活。Theyspentmoneylikewater.他們揮金如土。Hetalkslikeabook.他老是文縐縐地說話。Heeatslikeahorse.他吃得很多。2021/5/95Hesmokes1ikeachimney.他抽煙很厲害。Lifeislikeayo-yo.生活是一個悠悠球,充滿一連串的起伏不定。Hewaslikeacockwhothoughtthesunhadrisentohearhimtocrow.(GeorgeEliot)他這人就像一只________公雞，以為太陽升起是為了它的啼叫。驕傲的2021/5/96Hehasaheartofstone.他有一副鐵石心腸。Hehastheheartofa1ion,buthedoeseverythinginadown-to-earthway.他有獅子般的勇氣，但辦事十分認(rèn)真。Heissometimesbad-temperedbutreallyhe’sgotaheartofgold.有時候他似乎脾氣不好，但他的心眼可好了。2021/5/97(2)連詞as(猶如)，what(猶如)，asif,asthough,than,and,theway等。Airistomanaswateristofish.人離不開空氣，猶如魚離不開水。Readingistothemindwhatexerciseistothebody.（SirRichardSteel）讀書對于思想，好比運動對于身體一樣重要。2021/5/98Awordandastoneletgocannotberecalled.說出的話猶如拋出的石，是收不回的。

2021/5/99(3)動詞seem，resemble(名詞resemblance)，treat／honour／regard／consider／respectas，compareto，likento，pass(勝過)，remindof，besimilarto，等。Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage．(Wood)他把孩子當(dāng)成掌上明珠。Hetreatshischildastheappleintheeye.2021/5/910(4)詞組may／mightaswell…（as）(做…就好像做…)，nomore／less…than／notanymore…than(如同…一樣)，sospeak／asitwere(可以說，可以比喻地說)。Heneverlistens—youmightaswelltalktoabrick(astalktohim).他根本不聽—同他講話就好像同一堵墻講話一樣。Ahomewithoutloveisnomore