2022年河南省三門峽市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)真題一卷(含答案)

2022年河南省三門峽市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)真題一卷(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Mr.Anglesaysaheterogeneousswarmofrobotswilltakecareofthehouseinsteadof______.

2.

NationalNegroBusinessLeagueexistsfrom______.

3.

BeingproperlydressedforthearcticenvironmentisthekeytobeingabletoenjoyallthefantasticexperiencesatIceHotel.

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Populationgrowthisthesolefactorthathaswidenedthegapbetweendevelopinganddevelopedcountries.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Whatdoweknowaboutthe"ghosting"fromthepassage?

A.ItisadoubleimageofTV.

B.Itreferstothespeedoflight.

C.Itwaseventuallysolvedbyengineers.

D.Itreferstothespeedoftheradiosignals.

6.Theproblemseitherwiththedispensermechanismorwiththebillscanleadto______.

7.

WhendopeoplewhoretirestartcollectingSocialSecuritybenefits?

A.Immediatelyaftertheyretire.

B.2monthsaftertheyretire.

C.2yearsafterthenormalretiringage.

D.2yearsbeforetheyretire.

8.

Anenhancedversionoftheservicewilluse______technologytogetthevideodatatoviewers.

9.

OnlyasmallpercentageofAmerica'shighschoolseniorsplantomajorinengineeringatcollege.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Organicfoodisnotnecessarilybetterthanconventionalfoodintermsofnutrition,safetyortaste.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

InPizzaHut,aPanPizzawas______toservein5minutes.

A.guaranteedB.cutC.filledD.marked

12.IfAmericansaren'tcompetitiveinscience,theycannotsurvivetheseverecompetitionbetweendevelopedcountries.

13.

MaryLynMiller'sjobistoadvisepeopleontheirlifeandcareer.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

WhenMoss-Tuckerbegansnoring。shewasabout______.

A.56yearsoldB.46yearsoldC.36yearsoldD.26yearsold

15.

Businessexecutiveswhoarenotalerttoculturaldifferencessimplycannotfunctionefficientlyoverseasandfailuretoresearchandunderstandaculturehasledtomanyinternationalbusinessblunders.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.Tolimitwrongdoing,governmentshavelongbeentryingtocontrol______.

17.Thenetworksofcommunicationsystemwhicharepeer-to-peerareonepropertyof4Gwirelesscommunication.

18.

Sofar,thereseemstobenosolutioninsightastohowthehydrogencanbestored.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

SomeEuropeancountriesarerestrictingtheplantingandimportationofGMagriculturalproductsbecauseGMcropscouldposeuniqueriskstotheenvironmentandtohealth.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Duringthe19thcentury,naturalgaswasusedonalocalscalebecauseofthedifficultsituationin___________.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Theworldisnotonlyhungry;itisalsothirstyforwater.Thismayseemstrangetoyou,sincenearly75%oftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.Butabout97%ofthishugeamountisseawater,orsaltwater.Peoplecanonlydrinkandusetheother3%-thefreshwaterthatcomesfromrivers,lakes,underground,andothersources.Andwecannotevenuseallofthat,becausesomeofitisintheform.oficebergsandglaciers.Evenworse,someofithasbeenpolluted.

Ourneedforwaterisincreasingrapidly.Onlyifwetakestepstodealwiththisproblemnowcanweavoidasevereworldwidewatershortagelateron.Oneusefulstepweshouldtakeistodevelopwaysofreusingit.

Today,inmostlargecities,waterisusedonlyonce.Butitispossibletopipewaterthathasbeenusedtoapurifyingplant.Thereitcanbefilteredandtreatedwithchemicalssothatitcanbeusedagainjustasifitwerefreshfromaspring.

Butevenifeverylargecitypurifiedandreuseditswater,westillwouldnothaveenough.Wherecouldweturnnext?Totheoceans!Allwe'dhavetodotomakeuseofthevastamountofseawateristoremovethesalt.Thissalt-removingprocessisalreadyinuseinmanypartsoftheworld.Soifwetakeallthesesteps,we'llbeinnodangerofdryingup!

(27)

A.Peoplecanusenearly75percentofit.

B.Peoplecanuseabout97percentofit.

C.Peoplecanuseexactly3percentofit.

D.Peoplecanuselessthan3percentofit.

22.聽力原文：M:Doesthiselevatorstoponeveryfloor?

W:No,itstopsonlyontheevenones.Ifyouwantanoddone,gototheevenoneaboveitandthenwalkdown.

Q:Whywon'ttheelevatorstopontheninthfloor?

(13)

A.Bemusenineisanoddnumber.

B.Becausetheelevatorgotstuck.

C.Bemusetherearetoomanypeopleintheelevator.

D.Becausetheelevatorcouldn'tgotothefloorsaboveeightfloor.

23.

【B8】

24.(45)

25.【B1】

26.(24)

A.Informationonafter-salesservice.

B.Apictureofthenewestcomputers.

C.Alistofsoftwareandhardwareproducts.

D.InformationaboutUltimateComputers.

27.(22)

A.Returnhisbookstothelibrary.

B.Takeanap.

C.Studyforatest.

D.Goswimming.

28.(36)

A.Bothprivateandpubliccollegesarediscountingtuition.

B.Schoolsarequiteconservativeondiscountingtuition.

C.Allfreshmenreceivevariousformsofdiscounts.

D.Tuitiondiscountsaresponsoredbylocalbanks.

29.聽力原文：AnewreportsaysthecastofstudiesatpubliccollegesintheUnitedStatesincreasedfourteenpercentthisyear.Thisisthebiggestincreaseintuitioninthirtyyears.Butthestudyalsofoundthattheaveragestudentpaysalotlessthanthepublishedcostsofacollegeeducation,becauseofgrants.AnditpointsoutthatAmericanstudentsreceivedarecordamountoffinancialaidlastyear.

Studentsdonothavetorepaygrants,unlikefinancialaidintheform.ofloans.AbouthalfofAmericancollegestudentsreceivegrants.Thismeansthateducationcostsdifferfromstudenttostudent.

ThereportisfromtheCollegeBoard.Thisisanon-profitmembershipgroupofschoolsandothereducationalorganizations.Oneofitsbest-knownjobsistoadministercollegeentrancetests.

TheCollegeBoardsaystuitionattwo-yearpubliccollegesroseatthesamerateasfour-yearschools.

TheCollegeBoardsaystheincreasesweremainlycausedbycutsinstatespendingoneducation.Butacongressmansayscollegeshaveincreasedtheirpricesinbothgoodandbadeconomictimes.JohnBoehnerofOhioischairmanoftheHouseCommitteeonEducationandtheWorkforce.Hesayscollegesdonotwanttotalkabouttheirdecisionstospendmoneytobuildthingslikerock-climbingwalls.

TheCollegeBoardcollectedinformationfromfour-thousandcollegesanduniversities.Itsaystheaveragetotalchargeforstudentswholiveatapubliccollegeintheirstateisten-thousand-six-hundreddollars.Whiletuitionrosefourteenpercentthisyear,housingandothercostsincreasedatalowerrate.

Ataprivatecollege,totalchargesarealmosttwenty-seven-thousanddollars.Thatisanincreaseofaboutsixpercentoverlastyear.

(33)

A.Itisakindofcoststhestudentsshouldpayforstudies.

B.Itisaform.offinancialaidthestudentsdon'thavetopayhack.

C.Itisthemoneythatthestudentsgetfromthecolleges.

D.Itisakindofloansthestudentsshouldrepaywhentheyhavejobs.

30.

【B7】

31.(25)

A.Beginner.

B.Lowerintermediate.

C.Upperintermediate.

D.Advanced.

32.聽力原文：Manychildrenfirstlearnthevalueofmoneybyreceivinganallowance.Thepurposeistoletchildrenlearnfromexperienceatanagewhenfinancialmistakesarenotverycostly.

Theamountofmoneythatparentsgivetotheirchildrentospendastheywishdiffersfromfamilytofamily.Timingisanotherconsideration.Somechildrengetaweeklyallowance.Othersgetamonthlyallowance.

Inanycase,parentsshouldmakeclearwhat,ifanything,thechildisexpectedtopayforwiththemoney.

Youngchildrenmayspendalloftheirallowancesoonaftertheyreceiveit.Iftheydothis,theywilllearnthehardwaythatspendingmustbedonewithinabudget.Parentsareusuallyadvisednottooffermoremoneyuntilthenextallowance.

Thoughjobsathomeforyoungchildrenareanormalpartoffamilylife,payingchildrentodoextraworkaroundthehousecanbeuseful.Itcanevenprovideanunderstandingofhowabusinessworks.

Allowancesgivechildrenachancetoexperiencethethreethingstheycandowithmoney.Theycanshareitintheform.ofgiftsorgivingtoagoodcause.Theycanspenditbybuyingthingstheywant.Ortheycansaveit.

Savinghelpschildrenunderstandthatcostlygoalsrequiresacrifice:Youhavetocutcostsandplanforthefuture.

(30)

A.Bydoinghomework.

B.Byknowledgefrombooksandparents.

C.Byhavingpocketmoneyfromtheirparents.

D.Bysavingwhattheyhave.

33.(35)

A.Itstrees.

B.Itsstonewalls.

C.Itsrockgarden.

D.Itspronunciation.

34.【B7】

35.聽力原文：W:Hi,Jack.Tomorrow'sthebigday!YoumustbeexcitedaboutgoingtoFranceforyourfirstinternationalconference.

M:Thetrip,yes,butnotthepreparation.

W:Whatdoyouneedtodoexceptpack?

M:Youknowhowyoualwaysfeelsoawfulwheneveryoumakeabigchangeintimezones?ThistimeI'mtryingananti-jet-lagprogramsoI'llbealertevenforthefirstday'slectures.

W:Buthowcanyouavoidjetlag?Withthatlateflightandasix-hourdifferenceintime,it'sboundtotakeyouacoupleofdaystoadjust.

M:Wellthisprogram'ssupposedtogetyourbodytofeellikeit'sinthenewtimezonebeforeyouleave.Thetheoryisthatthefoodyoueatactuallytellsyourbodywhentobeactiveandwhentoberestful,sochangingyourdietcanhelpyoubeready'forthetimechange.Youhavetoalternatefeastingandfasting...youknowsometimeseatalot,sometimesjustalittle.

W:OK.NowIseewhyyou'renotenjoyingthepreparation.Ican'tquitepictureyoufasting!

M:Actuallytheworstisalreadyover.Twodaysbeforetheflight,you'resupposedtohaveonlylightmealsandlimityourselftoeighthundredcalories.

W:Thatmusthavebeentough.

M:Yeah,butI'mmakingupforittoday.Feastdayismuchbetter...thoughIstilldon'tgettoeatanysnacksafterdinner.

(23)

A.Newfoodstotrywhentraveling.

B.Makingreservationsforthebesttravel.

C.Avoidinggainingweightwhiletraveling.

D.Adjustingtotimechangeswhentraveling.

36.聽力原文：W:DoyouwanttogoonatripwithustoFloridathisspring?Itwillcostabout300dollarsaperson.

M:300dollars?DoyouthinkIlustinheritedafortune?

Q:Whatcanbeinferredabouttheman?

(15)

A.Heisfortunatetohavemadealotofmoney.

B.Hisluckhasbeengood.

C.Hecan'taffordtospendthatmuch.

D.Hedoesn'tbelievethreehundreddollarswillbeenough.

37.(38)

38.

【B10】

39.聽力原文：LastApril,AmericanbusinessmanDennisTitoreportedlypaidbetweentwelve-millionandtwenty-milliondollarstospendoneweekontheInternationalSpaceStation.NASAhadstronglyobjectedtotheRussianplantopermitacivilianonthecostlyresearchvehicle.Aftertwoyearsofnegotiations,spaceofficialshaveagreedonaprocesstotrainprivatecitizenstotaketripstotheInternationalSpaceStation.

NASArecentlyagreedtoconditionsthatwillpermitRussiatoselltripstothespacestation.AnAmericancompanycalledSpaceAdventuresLimitedofArlington,inVirginiaplansthetrips.ExpertssaythechangeinpolicyatNASAshowsanewdesiretousespacevehiclesforbusinessandindustrialpurposes.InaspeechtoCongresslastyear,NASAofficialMichaelHawessaidthatthespaceagencyhadnotconsideredciviliantravelasoneoftheindustriesitwantedtodevelop.However,MisterHawessaidthatprivatespacetravelcouldnowbedoneaslongassafetymeasuresareobservedcarefully.

Candidatesforadventurespacetraveltripsmustbeinexcellenthealthandmustpassdifficulthealthtests.Theymustreceivealotoftraining.However,SpecialEnglishcanhelpyouprepareforaspaceholiday.ThisisbecauseallsuccessfulcandidateswhowishtotraveltotheInternationalSpaceStationmustbeabletoreadandspeakEnglish.

(30)

A.Becauseitwelcomestabigsumofmoneybytourist

B.Becauseitthinksthatsafetymeasuresarefollowedcarefully.

C.BecauseRussiaagrees,too.

D.Becausethespaceshipisavailable.

40.(13)

A.Thefoodspoiled.

B.Thegroupwasshameful.

C.Theweatherwasbad.

D.Theprogramdirectorwantedtohaveitonanotherday.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.Ithappenedonemorning20yearsago.BritishscientistAlecJeffreystumbleduponDNAfingerprinting:Heidentifiedthepatternsofgenetic(基因的)materialthatareuniquetoalmosteveryindividual.Hisdiscoverychangedeverythingfromthewaywedocriminalinvestigationstothewaywedecidefamilylaw.ButtheprofessorofgeneticsattheUniversityofLeicester,UK,isstillsurprised,andabitworded,bythepowerofthetechnologyhereleasedupontheworld.

ThepatternswithinDNAareuniquetoeachindividual,exceptidenticaltwins,whosharethesamepattern.Theabilitytoidentifythesepatternshasbeenusedtoconvictmurderersandtoclearpeoplewhoarewronglyaccused.Itisalsousedtoidentifythevictimsofwarandsettledisputesoverwhoisthefatherofachild.

Jeffreysaidheandhiscolleaguesmadethediscoverybyaccidentwhiletrackinggeneticvariations.But,withinsixmonthsofthediscovery,geneticfingerprintinghadbeenusedinanimmigrationcase,toprovethatanAfricanboyreallywashisparents'son.In1986,itwasusedforthefirsttimeinaBritishcriminalcase:Itclearedonesuspectafterbeingaccusedoftworapesandmurdersandhelpedconvictanotherman.

DNAtestingisnowverycommon.InBritain,anationalcriminaldatabaseestablishedin1995nowcontains2.5millionDNAsamples(樣本).TheU.S.andCanadaaredevelopingsimilarsystems.ButtherearefearsaboutthestoredDNAsamplesandhowtheycouldbeusedtoharmaperson'sprivacy.Thatincludesaperson'smedicalhistory,racialoriginorpsychologicalprofile."Thereisthelong-termriskthatpeoplecangetintothesesamplesandstartgettingadditionalinformationaboutaperson'spaternityorriskofdisease,"Jeffreysaid.

DNAtestingisnotanunfailingproofofidentity.Till,itisconsideredareasonablyreliablesystemfordeterminingthethingsitisusedfor.Jeffrey'sestimates(估計(jì))theprobabilityoftwoindividuals'DNAprofilesmatchinginthemostcommonlyusedtestsatbetweenoneinabillionoroneinatrillion.

Thepassageismainlyabout______.

A.thediscoveryoffingerprintingbyJeffery

B.thepracticeoffingerprintingincourt

C.thefingerprintinginthepresentsituation

D.themeritsanddemeritsoffingerprinting

42.TheexampleofHenryFord'sassemblylinesuggeststhatthesuccessintheautoindustrywasbuilton______.

43.Whatdoesthefigure0.2percentinparagraphIindicate?

A.America'seconomicrecoveryisstillshaky.

B.Economistsaredisappointedatthefutureeconomy.

C.ItisagoodsignforAmerica'seconomicrecovery.

D.Thebiggestobstacletohealthiereconomicperformanceispolitical.

44.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Icebergsareamongnature'smostspectacularcreations,andyetmostpeoplehaveneverseenone.Avagueairofmysteryenvelopsthem.Theycomeintobeing—somewhere—infaraway,frigidwaters,a-midthunderousnoiseandsplashingturbulence,whichinmostcasesnoonehearsorsees.Theyexistonlyashorttimeandthenslowlywasteawayjustasunnoticed.

Objectsofsheerestbeauty,theyhavebeencalled.Appearinginanendlessvarietyofshapes,theymaybedazzlinglywhite,ortheymaybeglassyblue,greenorpurple,tintedfaintlyorindarkerhues.Theyaregraceful,stately,inspiringincalm,sunlitseas.

Buttheyarealsocalledfrighteninganddangerous,andthattheyareinthenight,inthefog,andinstorms.Eveninclearweatheroneiswisetostayasafedistanceawayfromthem.Mostoftheirbulkishiddenbelowthewater,sotheirunderwaterpartsmayextendoutfarbeyondthevisibletop.Also,theymayrolloverunexpectedly,churningthewatersaroundthem.

Icebergsarepartsofglaciersthatbreakoff,driftintothewater,floataboutawhile,andfinallymelt.Icebergsafloattodayaremadeofsnowflakesthathavefallenoverlongagesoftime.Theyembodysnowsthatdrifteddownhundreds,ormanythousands,orinsomecasesmaybeamillionyearsago.Thesnowsfellinpolarregionsandoncoldmountains,wheretheymeltedonlyalittleornotatall,andsocollectedtogreatdepthsovertheyearsandcenturies.

Aseachyear'ssnowaccumulationlayonthesurface,evaporationandmeltingcausedthesnow-flakesslowlytolosetheirfeatherypointsandbecometinygrainsofice.Whennewsnowfellontopoftheold,ittooturnedtoicygrains.Soblanketsofsnowandicegrainsmountedlayeruponlayerandwereofsuchgreatthicknessthattheweightoftheupperlayerscompressedthelowerones.Withtimeandpressurefromabove,themanysmallicegrainsjoinedandchangedtolargercrystals,andeventuallythedeepercrystalsmergedintoasolidmassofice.

Thispassagegivesanintroductionof______.

45.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Theround-the-clockavailabilitythatcellphonesandpagershave【C1】______topeople'slivesmaybetakingatollonfamilylife,anewstudysuggests.Thestudy,which【C2】______morethan1,300adultsover2years,foundthatthosewhoconsistentlyusedamobilephoneorpagerthroughoutthestudyperiodweremorelikelytoreportnegative"spillover"betweenworkandhomelife—and,in【C3】______,lesssatisfactionwiththeirfamilylife.Spilloveressentiallymeansthatthelinebetweenworkandhomebeginstoblur.Worklifemay【C4】______homelife--whenaparentistakingjob-relatedcallsathome,forinstance--orhouseholdissuesmaystarttotakeup【C5】______time.

Theproblemwithcellphonesandpagersseemstobethattheyareallowingforevermorespilloverbetweenworkandhome,accordingtoChesley'sfindings.Thismaybe【C6】______trueforworkingwomen,thestudyfound.Amongmen,consistentuseofmobilephonesandpagersseemedtoallowmoreworkissuestocreepintofamilytime.Butforwomen,thespillovertendedtogoinboth【C7】______--being"connected"meantthatworkcutintohometime,andfamilyissuesseepedintoworklife.

Thepoint,Chesleysaid,isthatcellphonesandpagersseemtobeopeningmorelinesfor【C8】______exchangesamongfamilymembers,ratherthanpositiveones.Buttheremaybewaystostemthespillover,accordingtoChesley.Employers,shesaid,couldlookattheirpoliciesoncontactingemployeesafter-hourstomake【C9】______theirexpectationsare"reasonable".Fortheirpart,employeescoulddecidethatcellphonesandpagersgooffduring【C10】______familytime,Chesleysaid.

[A]work[F]specially[K]real

[B]stressful[G]sure[L]designated

[C]partly[H]turn[M]leisure

[D]followed[I]directories[N]invade

[E]return[J]brought[O]directions

【C1】

46.

What'sthegoalofAmericanparentstoraisechildren?

A.Togainmorefreedom.

B.Toshowrespecttotheirparents.

C.Tobeindependent.

D.Tounderstandthemeaningofafamily.

47.

【C10】

48.ThepurposeofVolunteersinMedicineisto______.

A.helpretiredmedicalworkersimprovetheirincomes

B.providefreemedicalservicestothosewhoneedthem

C.urgethegovernmenttosetupnon-profitclinics

D.makethedreamoftheauthor'sfathercometrue

49.

Whatistheexplanationofanimal-behavior.expertsforthe"clever"behavior.ofpets?

50.Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat______.

A.youarecertaintoearnmuchmoneyinthenetworkmeting

B.successinthenetworkmarketingisuptoyouandyourprogress

C.makingmoneyinthenetworkmarketingisaneasyjob

D.youdon'tbesofeeltoworkwithanetworkmarketingcompany

51.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Intheatmosphere,carbondioxideactsratherlikeaonewaymirror—theglassintheroofofagreenhousewhichallowsthesun'sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.

Accordingtoaweatherexpert'sprediction,theatmospherewillbe3℃warmerintheyear2050thanitistoday,ifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentrate.Ifthiswarminguptookplace,theicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomelt,thusraisingsealevelseveralmetersandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Also,theincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere,possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth'schieffood-growingzones.

Inthepast,concernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArctic(北極)becausetheAntarctic(南極)ismuchcolderandhasmuchthickericesheets.ButtheweatherexpertsarcnowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming:inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.

SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.

However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhaveexceededthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?

Onepossibilityisthevariablebehavior.ofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsand"cold"spots(thatis,therelativelylesshotspots)onthesun.Asthesunrotates,every27.5days,itpresentshotteror"colder"facestotheearth,anddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth'satmosphericpressure,andconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsovariableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.

Scientistsarenowfindingmutualrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolar-weatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyears,includingthelastIceAge.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertia(慣性)oftheearth'sclimate.Ifthisisright,thewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulcounter-balancetothesun'sdiminishingheat.

Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould______.

A.preventthesun'sraysfromreachingtheearth'ssurface

B.meanawarmingupintheclimateintheArctichemisphere

C.accountforgreatchangesintheclimateinthenorthernhemisphere

D.raisethetemperatureoftheearth'ssurface

52.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

TheradicaltransformationoftheSovietsocietyhadaprofoundimpactonwomen'slives.Marxistshadtraditionallybelievedthatbothcapitalismandthemiddle-classhusbandsexploitedwomen.TheRussianRevolutionof1917immediatelyproclaimedcompleteequalityofrightsforwomen.Inthe1920sdivorceandabortionweremadeeasilyavailable,andwomenwereurgedtoworkoutsidethehomeandliberatethemselvessexually.AfterStalincametopower,sexualandfamilialliberationwasplayeddown,andthemostlastingchangesforwomeninvolvedworkandeducation.

Thesechangesweretrulyrevolutionary.Youngwomenwereconstantlytoldthattheyhadtobeequaltomen,thattheycouldandshoulddoeverythingmencoulddo.PeasantwomeninRussiahadlongexperiencedtheequalityofbackbreakingphysicallaborinthecountryside,andtheycontinuedtoenjoythatequalityoncollectivefarms.Withtheadventofthefive-year-plans,millionsofwomenalsobegantotoilinfactoriesandinheavyconstruction,buildingdams,roadsandsteelmillsinsummerheatandwinterfrost.Mostoftheopportunitiesopentomenthrougheducationwerealsoopentowomen.Determinedwomenpursuedtheirstudiesandenteredtheranksofthebetter-paidspecialistsinindustryandscience.Medicinepracticallybecameawoman'sprofession.By1950,75percentofdoctorsintheSovietUnionwerewomen.

ThusStalinistsocietygavewomangreatopportunitiesbutdemandedgreatsacrificesaswell.Thevastmajorityofwomensimplyhadtoworkoutsidethehome.Wagesweresolawthatitwasalmostimpossibleforafamilyorcoupletoliveonlyonthehusband'searnings.Moreover,thefun-timeworkingwomanhadaheavyburdenofhouseholdtasksinheroffhours,formostSovietmeninthe1930sstillconsideredthehomeandthechildrenthewoman'sresponsibility.Mencontinuedtomonopolizethebestjobs.Finally,rapidchangeandeconomichardshipledtomanybrokenfamilies,creatingfurtherphysical,emotional,andmentalstrainsforwomen.Inanyevent,theoften-neglectedhumanresourceofwomenwasmobilizedinStalinistsociety.

ThemainideaofthispassageisthatwomeninStalinistsociety______.

A.hadeconomicopportunitiesthathadneverbeenavailablebefore

B.haddifficultybalancingtheirworkandfamilyresponsibilities

C.hadnewopportunitiesbutalsomanyhardships

D.movedquicklyintothehighestlevelsofgovernment

53.

WhendidPTSDbegintobe