九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式+朗文知識(shí)精講試題

2020202011日創(chuàng)作人：歷恰面2020202011日創(chuàng)作人：歷恰面創(chuàng)作人：創(chuàng)作人：歷恰面日期：2020 年1月1日初三英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式人教版＋朗文【同步教育信息】一.本周教學(xué)內(nèi)容：復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和作定語(yǔ)。一.動(dòng)詞不定式放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be后面就是作表語(yǔ)。e.g.Ourdutyistostudyhardforthepeople.連系動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)Herwishistobecomeateacher.她的愿望是成為一名老師?！沧鞅碚Z(yǔ)〕所以不定式作表語(yǔ)的構(gòu)造是：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be+todoThemostimportantthingistopractisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.盡可能經(jīng)常練習(xí)講英語(yǔ)是最重要的。二.動(dòng)詞不定式在及物動(dòng)詞后面就是作賓語(yǔ)。 我們已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的動(dòng)詞有： want,wish,hope,agree,plan,try,start,begin,decide,learn,like,know,help 等等。e.g.MrsLiwantstotakethesebookstotheoffice.李老師想把這些書(shū)帶到辦公室去。Iliketoplaycomputergamesinmyfreetime.我喜歡在業(yè)余時(shí)間是玩電子游戲。重點(diǎn)：有些及物動(dòng)詞后面還可以跟帶有疑問(wèn)代詞〔 what,which,who,whose 等〕或者問(wèn)副詞〔how,why,where,when等〕的不定式作賓語(yǔ)。Samdidn ’tknowwhichbooktochoose.山姆不知道該選擇哪一本書(shū)。Theteachercouldn ’tdecidewhentohaveaquiz.老師不能決定什么時(shí)候進(jìn)展測(cè)試。注意：只有及物動(dòng)詞后面的不定式才叫不定式作賓語(yǔ)， 而不及物動(dòng)詞后面的不定式叫作狀語(yǔ)。e.g.Lindadecidedtolearnasecondforeignlanguage.琳達(dá)決定學(xué)另外一種外國(guó)語(yǔ)。decide是及物動(dòng)詞，tolearn是不定式作賓語(yǔ)。ThestudentsoftengotoseeUncleWang.go是不及物動(dòng)詞，tosee是不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。假如有疑問(wèn)詞，必須放在不定式之前。e.g.Marydoesn ’ttodonext.瑪麗不知道下一步該干什么。Didanyonetellyouwhentohaveasportsmeeting?有人告訴你什么時(shí)間是開(kāi)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)了嗎？it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)todosth.think/finditadj.+todosth.e.g.Ifinditdifficulttounderstandhim.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難理解他。MotherthinksitimportanttomasterEnglish.母親認(rèn)為掌握英語(yǔ)很重要。Thechildfounditveryhardtogettothetopofthemountain.孩子發(fā)現(xiàn)到達(dá)山頂很難。三.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的構(gòu)造是：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞加賓語(yǔ)〔名詞或者代詞〕，再跟一個(gè)不定式，形成一個(gè)復(fù)合構(gòu)造。e.g.tellsb.todosth. 告訴某人做某事asksb.todosth. 請(qǐng)某人做某事wishsb.todosth. 希望某人做某事wouldlikesb.todosth. 愿意某人做某teachsb.todosth. 教某人做某事ordersb.todosth. 命令某人做某事動(dòng)詞不定式的否認(rèn)形式是在不定式前加 not.e.g.tellsb.nottodosth. 叫某人不要做某事Thepolicemantoldtheboysnottoplayinthestreet.警察叫男孩們別在街上玩。這種構(gòu)造中還可以有疑問(wèn)代詞或者疑問(wèn)副詞。e.g.teachsbhowtodosth.MrPopetaughtLinahowtousethewashingmachine.tellsb.where/how/whentodosth.MalcolmtoldSusanwheretogetsomecoffee.注意：不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的情況有：在感官動(dòng)詞，see,hearwatchfeel,notice等后面。在使役動(dòng)詞，make,let,have等后面作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不能加 to.記住：seesb.dosth. 看見(jiàn)某人做某事hearsb.dosth. 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事watchsb.dosth. 觀察某人做某事feelsb.dosth. 感覺(jué)覺(jué)察某人做某makesb.dosth. 迫使某人做某事let/havesb.dosth. 讓某人做某事〔沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)〕遇到這類(lèi)句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，一定要加 to千萬(wàn)不可忘記。bemadetodosth.beseen/heardtodosth.e.g.Peopleoftenhearthegirlsingintheconcert.Thegirlisoftenheardtosingintheconcert 〔bypeopleMrsBlackmadeJackdomoreexercises.JackwasmadetodomoreexercisesbyMrsBlack.Amiddle-agedmanwasseentogointotheoffice.有人看見(jiàn)一個(gè)中年男人進(jìn)入辦公室。四.動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)可以表示目的，結(jié)果和原因。e.g.ShewenttochooseaChristmaspresentlastweek.上周她去選擇圣誕禮物。〔表示目的〕Judytookataxiinordertogettotheairportintime.朱娣乘出租車(chē)為的是及時(shí)趕到飛機(jī)場(chǎng)?！脖硎灸康摹矵eisoldenoughtojointhearmy.他已到了參HY的年齡?！脖硎窘Y(jié)果〕Grandpaistootiredtogoonworking.爺爺年齡太大不能繼續(xù)工作了?！脖硎窘Y(jié)果〕I’mgladtoseemyfriendsagain.再見(jiàn)到朋友們我很快樂(lè)?！脖硎驹颉砈orrytohearthatBenisill.聽(tīng)到本生病了很傷心。〔表示原因〕重點(diǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)記?。罕硎灸康臓钫Z(yǔ)的不定式有兩種：不及物動(dòng)詞后面跟狀語(yǔ)。e.g.Kevincametotellusthebadnews.凱文來(lái)是為了告訴我們這個(gè)壞消息。及物動(dòng)詞后面的不定式作賓語(yǔ)。Wewishtohaveahappyholiday.我們希望過(guò)個(gè)愉快的假期。todosth./inordertodosth. 否認(rèn)形式inordernottodosth.e.g.Inordertogettoschoolearly,hegotupat6o ’clockthismorning.今天早晨為了早到校，他六點(diǎn)鐘就起床了。Weshouldgoovertheexercisesnottomakethesamemistake.為了不犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤，我們應(yīng)該檢查一下這些練習(xí)。記住兩個(gè)表示結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。enoughtodo??足夠??做某事Thecityhallisnotlargeenoughtoholdthousandsofpeople./too?todo太?〔以致不能〕做某事Itsnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，學(xué)到老。表示原因的不定式作狀語(yǔ)的構(gòu)造是： be+adj.+todo 常用的形容詞有：sorry,happy,glad,pleased,lucky,surprised,able,eager,angry,ready,clever,foolish,wrong,right 等等。e.g.Kateissurprisedtohearthegoodnews.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)好消息Kate很驚奇。Lilyissorrytobelate.莉莉遲到很抱歉。Youareclevertosolvethedifficultproblem.解決這個(gè)難題你真是太聰明了。注意：動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：及物動(dòng)詞后面的是不定式作賓語(yǔ)e.g.IwanttolearnRussian.tolearnRussian在及物動(dòng)詞want后面作賓語(yǔ)。從上面的例句中可以看出及物動(dòng)詞 want后面假如沒(méi)有tolearnRussian，句子意思那么不完好，說(shuō)明tolearn在及物動(dòng)詞后面不可略。不及物動(dòng)詞后面的是不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。e.g.Hecametohelpmeyesterday.不定式tohelpme在不及物動(dòng)詞后面表示 came的目的，作狀語(yǔ)。從上面的例句可以看出， 假如只寫(xiě)Hecame句子成立，意思完好，說(shuō)明 tohelpme不必不可缺的。句型轉(zhuǎn)換：enoughtodo so?thatcando〕表示結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句之間可以進(jìn)展句型轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g.MrDerhamistallenoughtoreachtheapplesonthetree. MrDeahamissotallthathecanreachtheapplesonthetree.Nasispokeslowlyenoughforthechildrentounderstand. →Nasispokesoslowlythatthechildrencouldunderstand.Nasi說(shuō)得慢為的是孩子們能懂。tootodothatcanto示結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句之間的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g.Theoldmanwastootiredtowalkanyfurther.→Theoldmanwassotiredthathecouldn ’twalkanyfurther.老人太累了，以致走不動(dòng)了。inordertodo sothat〕表示目的狀語(yǔ)從句之間句型的轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g.Igotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.→IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchthefirstbus.我早起為的是趕上第一班公一共汽車(chē)。五.動(dòng)詞不定式可以用作定語(yǔ)。不定式有形容詞的作用，在句子中作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞或者者代詞。動(dòng)詞不定式放在所修飾的名詞或者者代詞之后。表示“?要〔做某事〕〞“?的〞e.g.Ihavemuchhouseworktodo.〔放在名詞之后〕我有許多家務(wù)要做。Doyouwantsomethingtoeat?你想吃些東西嗎？/你想要點(diǎn)吃的東西嗎？〔放在代詞之后〕切記：用作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式一定要放在所修飾的名詞之后。e.g.Janeisalwaysthefirsttofinishherhomework.Jane總是第一個(gè)完成作業(yè)。而單個(gè)的名詞，代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞用作定語(yǔ)一般放在所修飾的名詞之前。.名詞作定語(yǔ) Junetsn 代詞作定語(yǔ) HisfriendEdwardcalledhimjustnow.數(shù)詞作定語(yǔ) Theysoldtenbooksamomentago.形容詞作定語(yǔ) Thisisaninterestingbook.介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞，不定式〔短語(yǔ)〕放在所修飾的名詞之后。介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)：Whoisthewomaninfrontofthebuilding?副詞作定語(yǔ) Whoseisthemagazinethere?不定式作定語(yǔ) Doyouhaveanythingtosay?注意兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)：必須是在所修飾的名詞之后的才是不定式作定語(yǔ)。e.g.HanMeiwasthesecondstudenttogettoschool.韓梅是第二個(gè)到校的學(xué)生。Wehavesomethingtoread.我們有些要看的書(shū)。等，不定式動(dòng)詞后面應(yīng)該有必須的介詞。e.g.Thereisonlyasmallroomtolivein.〔toliveintheroom〕Thereisnothingtoworryabout. 沒(méi)什么可擔(dān)憂(yōu)的。〔toworryabout?〕【模擬試題】單項(xiàng)選擇：It ’saniceplace .forvisit B.tovisit C.visit D.tovisitedThefamilyhasfourchildren .tolookout B.tolook C.tolookafter D.totakeThepoemis learnbyheart.enoughlongtotoolongforustonottoolongforusnottotoolongforustoHeopenedthewindow thefreshairin.tolet B.tocatch C.totake D.tomadeThemandrove thetree.fastenoughthatheknockedonsofastthatheknockedonsofastthatheknockedsofasttoknockJimtoldhim anymore.tolie B.notlie C.nottolie D.didn ’tlieYoumustwatchtheworkers themachinecarefully.toopen B.operatedC.tooperate D.operateTheforeignerwants tothezoo.toknowhowtogotoknowhowgotoknowtogohowtoknowhowgoingDon’tforget yoursisterherenexttime.bring B.tobringC.brought D.totakeMyideais .tohavehimtodoithelpyouwithyouChinesetoletWudoitbyhimselftowriteitbyFrench.根據(jù)句意用方框內(nèi)所給詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空。make,writeto,build,notchangeonemake,writeto,build,notchangeone?i,t,,,eto,clean,so?thatThewindowsoftheroom bythechildrentwodaysago.Heruns fast wecan ’tcatchupwithhim.Sheisnothere.She herbrother hislessons.You ,haveyou?He youassoonashegetsthere.ecan ’totee finishskfirst.Thebuildingneartheschoolmust inhalfayear.LiLinaskedwho youEnglishlastterm.Thereissomethingwrongwithit.Pleasestop it.“Wouldyouliketogooutwithme? “No,Ihaveashirt . 〞II. 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà)：A: 〔Outsidetheschoolgate〕Hello!MynameisWangLi.I ’mheretomeetyou.B:Hello! 1 .WangLi.MynameisBillSmith. 2A:Gladtomeetyou,too.Bill.AreyoufromAmerica?B:No. 3 .A:Welcometoourschool,B: 4 .A:It ’sapleasuretobeabletowelcomeastudentfromCanada.Letmehelpyoucarrythebags.B: 5 .A:Youarewelcome.根據(jù)中文提示和英文詞語(yǔ)翻譯句子。小樹(shù)應(yīng)經(jīng)常澆水，他們才能長(zhǎng)得好。 ,thentheycangrowwell.在我們國(guó)家老年人應(yīng)該受到良好的照顧。 inourcountry.這種杯子是用來(lái)喝酒的。Thiskindofcup .因?yàn)榘职謰寢尪疾欢⑽?，所以他們決定學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 ,sotheydecidedtolearnEnglish.馬克·吐溫是世界上著名作家之一。MarkTwainwas intheworld.當(dāng)足球迷們看到貝克漢姆時(shí)，他們變得如此沖動(dòng)，以致于喊著他的名字。WhenthefootballfanssawBeckham,theygot theyshoutedhisname.完形填空：Dumas〔大仲馬〕livedinParis.Hewasafamous1writer.2peopleknowhimandlikehisworksOncehewasaskedtovisitMoscow.Hehadbeentosomemuseumsandplacesofinterestthere,hewasveryhappybecausetheRussiansgave3awarmwelcome.Oneafternoonthewriterdecidedtogotothebiggest4inthecity.Theshopkeeperwastoldaboutit.Hewantedtomakethewriterhappy.Sohetoldhismento 5theworksoftheotherwritersandputonallthe6Soonthewritercameandbeganto7thebooksintheshop.Buthe 8 therewereonlyhisworksthere.He 9 strangeandasked“ 10 aretheotherwriters ’rkssir?Ofcoursetheshopkeeper 1 tellthetruth.Butenktow 2 tosay.Inhurryhesaid,Theirshavebeensoldoutsir. 〞1.A.RussianB.AmericanC.FrenchD.British2.A.MuchB.FewC.AlotofD.Little3.A.tohimB.herC.forhimD.him4.A.bookstoreB.shoesstoreC.clothesstoreD.capstore5.A.takeawayB.takeoutC.takeoffD.takecareof6.A.desksB.tablesC.shelvesD.chairs7.A.lookforB.watchC.seeD.read8.A.wassorryB.readC.thoughtD.found9.A.feelsB.isfeelingC.feltD.hadfelt10.A.WhereB.WhatC.WhenD.Who11.A.couldB.couldnotC.mightD.mightnot12.A.how B.what C.who D.when閱讀理解AtthebeginningofthecenturytherewasafarmnearLosAngelesinCalifornia.ItwascalledHollywoodAfewyearslaterHollywoodwasoneofthefamousplacesintheworld.Fromthe1910stothe1950sHollywoodwasthefilmcentreoftheworld.EveryfamilyknewthenamesofitsfilmstarsCharlesChaplin,GretaCarbo,IngridBergman,andhundredsmore.WhydidpeoplegotoHollywood tomakefilms? Thereasonwasthesun.AtfirstpeoplemadefilmsinNewYorkattheeastlandbytheseaoftheUnitedStates.ButthentheyheardaboutLosAngeles.Thereare350daysofsuneveryear.Astheymadeallthefilmsbysunlight,thewestlandbytheseawasamuchbetterplacetowork.AlsonearHollywoodyoucanfindmountainsandseaandforest.Theydidnothavetotravelfartomakeanykindoffilm.Thefirstfilms werepictureswithout sound.Todaywestill watchthiskind ofplaysbyCharlesChaplin. Inthelate1920scametalkies[t :kiz]〞,youcouldhearthepeoplespeakingandlistentothemusic.Todaytelevisionbecamepopular.Peoplenolongerwenttothecinema.SoHollywood startedmakingfilms fortelevision.Theninthe1970stheyfoundthatpeoplestillwenttothecinematoseebigexpensive filmssuchasTrueLies,orGonewiththeWind. AfterseventyyearstheyarestillmakingfilmsinHollywood andpeoplewatchthemallovertheworld.Hollywoodis .inthecentreofNewYorknearLosAngles