備戰(zhàn)2025年高考二輪復(fù)習(xí) 英語(yǔ) 題組限時(shí)滿分練1 　閱讀理解 七選五閱讀（含解析）

滿分練(一)閱讀理解+七選五閱讀Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024山東泰安二模)LiveandlearnlikeacollegestudentthissummeratCarletonCollege’sSummerLiberalArtsInstitute(SLAI).BeginningonMarch15,SLAIisanimmersive(沉浸式的)summerlearningexperienceforcurrent10thand11thgraderstoexploreliberalartsthroughrigorousandexperientialcurriculum.Ifyouareacademicallycurious,excitedaboutlearning,andthriveincooperativeworkenvironments,SLAIistheprogramforyou!AtSLAI,youwillconnectwithlike-mindedpeersfromalloverthenationandworld,allwhileearningcollegecreditandlearningfromtop-rankedCarletonfaculty,whoareexpertsintheirfield.Choosefrom6programs,withtopicsin:History&Literature,Storytelling,Sociology,STEM,ComputerScienceandNeuroscience.StudentswhoattendSLAIcomeawayfromtheprogramonApril6withimprovedcollege-levelreading,writing,andresearchskills,anincreasedknowledgeoftopicsandmajorstheymaywanttostudyinthefuture,andageneralsenseofpreparednessforcollege.Duringtheprogram,studentsspendtheirmorningsandafternoonsinclass,conductingresearch,andinhands-onlabs.Specially,avarietyofsocialactivitiesareavailableafterclasseveryday,fromfrisbeetobeadingtomakings’mores.Weekendfieldtripstoattractionsinsurroundingcitiesarealsoincludedintheprogram.Pastdestinationshaveincludedamusementparks,museums,orevenadayatthelake!Visitourwebsitetoapplytoday!Wehavetworoundsofapplicationreview.ThefirstdeadlineisonFebruary5,andthesecondandfinaldeadlineisonMarch11.Need-basedscholarshipsareavailable.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,主要介紹了CarletonCollege’sSummerLiberalArtsInstitute(SLAI)的課程內(nèi)容、活動(dòng)安排以及申請(qǐng)方式等信息。1.HowlongwillSLAIlast?A.About1week.B.About2weeks.C.About3weeks.D.About4weeks.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“BeginningonMarch15...rigorousandexperientialcurriculum.”和文章第三段中“StudentswhoattendSLAIcomeawayfromtheprogramonApril6”可知,SLAI將持續(xù)大約三周。2.WhatsetsSLAIapartfromotherlearningexperiences?A.Participantscanhaveaccesstohands-onlabs.B.Participantscanapplyforitonlineorinperson.C.Itenablesparticipantstoengageinsocialactivities.D.Itensuresparticipantstolearnwithcollegestudents.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Specially,avarietyofsocialactivitiesareavailableafterclasseveryday”可知,SLAI與其他學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷的不同之處在于它使參與者能夠參與社會(huì)活動(dòng)。3.HowcanSLATbenefitparticipants?A.Itenhancesawarenessofpreparednessforcollege.B.Itcanimprovetheircollege-levellistening.C.Ithelpsparticipantsgetcollegescholarships.D.Itoffersthetopictheyarefondoffreely.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容可知,SLAI提高了為大學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備的意識(shí)。B(2024湖北武漢二模)Bythelate1960s,abstractpainterHaroldCohenhadrepresentedBritainatimportantfestivalswithhisoilpaintingsandwasseekinganewchallenge.“Maybetherearemoreinterestingthingsgoingonoutsidemystudiothaninsideit,”hethought.Cohenturnedfromthecanvas(畫(huà)布)tothescreen,usingcomputerstofindnewwaysofcreatingart.Inthelate1960s,hecreatedaprogramthathenamedAaron.Itwasthefirstartificialintelligencesoftwareintheworldoffineart,andCohenfirstpresentedAaronin1974attheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Aaron’sworkhassincegracedmuseumsfromtheTateGalleryinLondontotheSanFranciscoMuseumofModernArt.WithAIdominatingtheheadlines,anewexhibitionatNewYork’sWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt,“HaroldCohen:Aaron”,runningthroughJune2024,drewattentiontoCohen’spioneeringwork.TheWhitneyofferedsomethingdeeperthanmostpreviousAaronexhibits:areal-timeexperience,inwhichvisitorscouldwatchthesoftwareproduceart.CohenseededAaronwithallsortsofknowledge:aboutbasicobjects,physics,andfundamentaltechniquesofdrawing.Aaronusesthisknowledgetofollowinstructions,completetasks,andmakedecisionslikehumanbeings—averydifferentapproachfromtoday’sgenerativeAIartprograms,whichdon’tdrawfromscratch(從頭開(kāi)始)butratherrelyondatabasesofimages.VersionsofAaronstillgenerateoutput,butanythingdoneafterCohen’sdeathin2016isnotconsideredgenuine.TheWhitneyisshowcasingtwoversionsofCohen’ssoftware,alongwiththeartthateachproducedbeforeCohendied.The2001version,AaronKCAT,generatesimagesoffiguresandplantsandprojectsthemontoawallmorethantenfeethigh,whilethe2007versionproducesjungle-likescenes.Thesoftwarewillalsocreateartphysically,onpaper,forthefirsttimesincethe1990s.“Itisabsolutelythrilling,”saidChristianePaul,themuseum’sdirectorofdigitalart,“tohaveoneofthoseremarkabletreasuresofdigitalartinthecollection.”【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了抽象畫(huà)家哈羅德·科恩利用計(jì)算機(jī)程序Aaron創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)的先驅(qū)性工作,及其在紐約惠特尼美術(shù)館的展覽回顧。4.WhatwasAaronbornoutof?A.Harold’scuriosity.B.Themuseum’sdonation.C.Cohen’simagination.D.Theuniversity’ssupport.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“‘Maybetherearemoreinteresting...thathenamedAaron.”可知,Aaron的誕生源于哈羅德的好奇心。5.WhatmakesAarondifferentfrommodernAIartprograms?A.Itsabilitytoassigntasks.B.Itsuseofmoderntechniques.C.Itscapabilitytomakechoices.D.Itsdependenceonexistingdatabase.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Aaronusesthisknowledge...relyondatabasesofimages.”可知,Aaron的不同之處在于它不依賴現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),而是能夠自己做出決策和創(chuàng)作。6.Whatcanvisitorsdointhe“HaroldCohen:Aaron”exhibition?A.Seetheoriginal1960sversionofAaron.B.GenerateimageswiththehelpofAaron.C.Learnaboutthephysicalrulesinart.D.ObserveAaroncreatingartonthespot.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheWhitneyofferedsomething...thesoftwareproduceart.”可知,參觀者在“HaroldCohen:Aaron”展覽上能做的是觀察Aaron現(xiàn)場(chǎng)創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Themasterpiecesofdigitalart.B.Ashowoftheartworld’sfirstAI.C.ThelatesttechnologiesintheWhitney.D.HaroldCohen’simpactongenerativeAI.答案B解析主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了藝術(shù)家HaroldCohen創(chuàng)造的世界上第一個(gè)用于精細(xì)藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域的人工智能軟件Aaron,以及紐約惠特尼美國(guó)藝術(shù)博物館舉辦的展示Aaron及其作品的展覽。因此,文章主要講述的是藝術(shù)界首個(gè)人工智能的展覽。C(2024湖北武漢二模)Peruispreparedtoapprovenewlawsthatwouldmakeiteasiertoinvestigateandpunishresearcherswhoengageinacademiccheating,includingpayingtohavetheirnamesaddedtoapaper.ThemovecomesasPeru’snationalscienceagencyseekstocrackdownonauthorshipbuyingandotherdishonestpractices.Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientistsaccusedofdishonestpublicationsfromanationalregistrythatiskeytoreceivinggovernmentsponsor,jobpromotions,andsalarybonuses.Andofficialsareinvestigatingmorethan170otherresearchersthataPeruvianmediareportclaimedwereinvolvedinacademicmisconduct,including72listedinthenationalregistrywhoworkat14universitiesinPeru.Thenewlawswillempoweruniversitiesandgovernmentofficialstopunishsuchbehavior.Dishonestpublishingpractices“transcendmeremoralmisbehavior”becausetheyenableresearcherstoobtaingovernmentandprivatefundingwithouttellingthetruth,saysEdwardMálagaTrillo,amemberofCongresswhoisthedrivingforcebehindthebills,whichlawmakersareexpectedtofinalizeearlythisyear.“Theseindividualsareoperatingacademiccheating.”P(pán)eru’sacademiccommunityhasbeenstrugglingwitharisingtideoffalseauthorshipandrelatedproblems.Onecause,someresearcherssay,isa2014lawthataimedtostimulateresearchbyrewardingresearcherswhoboosttheirpublishingoutput.Forexample,underascoringsystemusedbyuniversities,researcherscanearnfivepointsforauthorshipinahigh-impactjournal,andtwopointswhenthejournalislowerimpact.Themassingpointscanbringbonuspaymentsandcareerpromotion.Signsofdishonestpublishingcanbeobvious,notesNahuelMonteblanco,presidentofCientificos.pe,aPeruviangroupthatinvestigatesmisconduct.ManyofthepaperscitedbyPuntoFinalhavenumerousco-authorsfromdifferentnationswithfewpriorpublicationsonthesamesubject.“Ifyourcolleagueconsistentlypublishes20articlesayearwithco-authorsfromothercountries,that’shighlysuspect,”Monteblancosays.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹秘魯準(zhǔn)備通過(guò)新的法律,以便更容易地調(diào)查和懲罰進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)作弊的研究人員并解釋作弊的原因和現(xiàn)象等。8.WhatactiondidPerutakerecentlytoaddressacademiccheating?A.Fining72offendersforacademicdishonesty.B.Disqualifying2scientistsfromanationalregistry.C.Punishing170researchersforacademicmisconduct.D.Withdrawinggovernmentfundfrom14universities.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientists...andsalarybonuses.”可知,秘魯最近從國(guó)家注冊(cè)中心取消2名科學(xué)家的資格來(lái)解決學(xué)術(shù)作弊問(wèn)題。9.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“transcend”inparagraph3?A.Change. B.Strengthen.C.Gobeyond. D.Approveof.答案C解析詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞下文“becausetheyenableresearchers...individualsareoperatingacademiccheating”可推斷,上文意思是國(guó)會(huì)議員EdwardMálagaTrillo說(shuō),不誠(chéng)實(shí)的出版行為“超越了單純的道德不端行為”,所以transcend意為“超越”,和“Gobeyond”同義。10.Whatdoweknowaboutthe2014lawinPeru?A.Itadvocatedafairscoringsystem.B.Itappliedtohigh-impactjournals.C.Itledtoanincreaseinfalseauthorship.D.Itaimedtopunishdishonestpublishing.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Onecause,someresearcherssay...paymentsandcareerpromotion.”可知,研究人員會(huì)想辦法提高論文的發(fā)表量,這樣就會(huì)導(dǎo)致虛假作者的數(shù)量增加。11.Whatmightthemostsuspicionbegiventoaproductiveresearcherwith?A.Careerpromotion.B.Consistentresearchfocus.C.FewcitationsbyPuntoFinal.D.Co-authorsfromvariouscountries.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Manyofthepapers...Monteblancosays.”可知,最值得懷疑的可能是擁有來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的合著者。D(2024湖南岳陽(yáng)二模)Richvarietyexistsinprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物).MonkeysrollonsnowyJapanesemountains,gorillaschewfruitonSumatra,lemursjumpbetweentreesinMadagascar,andthenakedapes—humans—walkproudlyontwolegsworldwide.ScientistscannowstudytheDNAdifferencesbeyondthatdiversity,thankstoadatabankofgenomes(基因組)from233species.Tounderstandthegoodandbadofhumanevolution—bothourextraordinaryadaptationsanddisease-causingchanges—scientistsmustcomparethegenomesofHomosapiens(智人)toourclosestevolutionaryrelatives,theprimates.Butresearchersinvestigatingdiversetopics,fromcontemporarygeneticdiseasestohumanorigins,havelongfacedaroadblockwhenpursuingthisapproach:Whilegenomicdataexistsfrommillionsofpeople,mostofthe500-plusprimatespeciesneverhadtheirgenomesread.So,in2019,TomàsMarquès-BonetattheInstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,inBarcelona,Spain,andotherbiologiststeamedupwithdiseaseresearchersatthecompanyIllumina,determinedtoobtainasmanyprimategenomesaspossible.Navigatingwildernessandlocalpermittinglaws,theinternationalresearchersobtainedhundredsofbloodsamplesfromwildandcagedanimalsinSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsia.ArrangingDNAfromthesesamplesandaddingdatafrompreviousstudies,theteambuiltabankof809genomesfromindividualbaboons,gorillas,gibbons,andmore,representingnearlyhalftheknownprimatespecies.Thedatarevealedinsightsabouthumanoriginsandhealth,aswellasprimateconservation,publishedbymorethan100scientistsacross10papersinScienceandScienceAdvancesinJune2023.OnestudytrainedartificialintelligencetosearchhumangenomesforDNAdifferenceslikelytocausedisease,basedonwhethernonhumanprimatescanlivewiththosevariants.AccordingtoMarquès-Bonet,“Wenowhaveareallygoodlistofthefoundationsofourspecies”anda“goodideaofthekindofvariationsthataretoleratedinanyprimate”—includinghumans.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家們通過(guò)靈長(zhǎng)類(lèi)動(dòng)物基因組數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)來(lái)研究DNA的差異。12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A.Primatesvarymainlyinhabitats.B.Scientistsfocusonthediversityofprimates.C.Thereare233speciesofprimatesintheworld.D.PrimategenomesareimportantforstudyingtheDNAdifferences.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ScientistscannowstudytheDNAdifferencesbeyondthatdiversity,thankstoadatabankofgenomesfrom233species.”可知,靈長(zhǎng)類(lèi)動(dòng)物的基因組對(duì)于研究DNA的差異非常重要。13.Whydidthescientistsbuildthedatabankofgenomes?A.Tocurehuman’svariousgeneticdiseases.B.Tohelphumanadapttotheenvironment.C.Toinvestigatetheprocessofhumanevolution.D.Tounderstandthestrengthanddrawbackofhumanevolution.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句可知,科學(xué)家們建立基因組數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的目的是了解人類(lèi)進(jìn)化的優(yōu)點(diǎn)與不足之處。14.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thereasonsforbuildingthedatabank.B.Theprocessofbuildingthedatabank.C.Theimpactsofbuildingthedatabank.D.Thedifficultiesinbuildingthedatabank.答案B解析主旨大意題。通讀第三段內(nèi)容可知,這段介紹的是建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的過(guò)程。15.WhatdoesMarquès-Bonetthinkofthedatabank?A.Itstillneedstobeimproved.B.Itisofgreatvaluetofutureresearch.C.Itisoflittlehelptofutureresearch.D.Itisunclearwhetherit’sofhelptofutureresearch.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Wenowhaveareallygoodlistofthefoundationsofourspecies”可推斷出這項(xiàng)研究對(duì)今后的研究具有重要的價(jià)值。Ⅱ.七選五(2024山東濰坊二模)Itwasdinnertime,yetIhadn’tfinishedmyworkfortheday.Cheerypeoplewhowereenjoyingtheirholidaytimebuzzedaroundme.Butwithmyheaddownandheadphonesin,Ihadinteractedwithveryfewofthem.Thedaypassedmorelikeafast-forwardedvideothansomethingthatIactuallyfullyexperienced.16

Thiswasmyfirstweeklivingthedigitalnomadlifestyle.Ihadleftmycorporateroleandfoundfreelance(自由職業(yè)的)writingworkonlinetoaffordmethefreedomtotravel.17Withenthusiasm,Iexpectedmyattitudewouldalsochange.Instead,thefirstsurprisingrealizationofmytraveljourneyhadhit:despitechangingmyformalsuitstocasuals,IwastheexactsamepersonIhadbeenathome.

Ihadpreparedexcitedly,surfingonlineaboutdigitalnomadism.18Whileyoumightexpectfinancestobethebiggestkillerofthislifestyle,unrealisticexpectationsarethedeathblowthatIhearaboutmostoften.Aftersixyearsabroad,realismisnowtheprimarymessageIshare.

19Insteadofanofficeroom,you’llworkfromabalconyoverlookingtheMediterraneanorasunnyrooftopintheheartofMarrakesh.Insteadofwaitingatthecoffeemachinenexttocomplainingcolleagues,yourdailycoffeerunwillleadyoudowndustycobblestonestreetsintotinycafes.Thesedreamsexistandarewaitingforyouonceyouclearcustoms.

Butthat’snotall