定語(yǔ)從句(關(guān)系副詞

1、定語(yǔ)從句（n）（關(guān)系副詞（when, where, why）以及介詞+which/whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從 句）1.由關(guān)系 副詞When, where, why）引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系副詞用法例句注意whe n其先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名 詞，如 time ,day ,hour, year等，when代替先行詞 在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)I still remember the day whe n 1 first met him.我仍然記得第一次 見(jiàn)到他的那一天。若時(shí)間名詞后面的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo) 詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，則改為 which 或 that.Eg: This is the day （whic h/ th

2、at ）he will never forget.where其先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn) 的名詞,如place, room , house ,street, area 等， where代替先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀 語(yǔ)I visited the farm where a lot of cows were kept.我參觀/那 家養(yǎng)了好多奶牛的農(nóng) 場(chǎng)。若地點(diǎn)名詞后面的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo) 詞在句中作主語(yǔ)或兵語(yǔ)，則改為 which 或 that.Eg : This is the place （which / that ）he visited before.why常用在先仃詞 reas on 后，代替先行詞在從句中

3、 作原因狀語(yǔ)，也可用for whichI don't know the reas on why he looks unhappy today.我不知 道他今天看上去不圖興 的原因。若reason后的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞 在從句中作主語(yǔ)或兵語(yǔ)，則改為 which 或 that.Eg: I don，believe the reason （which /that ）he gave me.2. “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞只能用which或whom,不能用that.先行詞指物時(shí)，用which;先行詞指人時(shí)，用whom.1）介詞選擇的三原則： 介詞根

4、據(jù)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的搭配習(xí)慣而確定。This is the book on which I spent 5 yua n.This is the book for which I paid_5 yua n.This is the book from which I learned a lot.This is the book about which Tom ofte n talks.介詞根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣而確定。I remember the day on_which I joined the party.I remember the days during which I lived here.

5、I remember the mon ths in which I stayed there.介詞根據(jù)從句所表達(dá)的意義而確定。My computer, without which I can 'play computer games, crashed yesterday.昨天我的電腦（系統(tǒng)）癱瘓了，沒(méi)有它我不能玩電腦游戲。2）介詞可后移，此時(shí)關(guān)系代詞可省略（省略時(shí)介詞必須后移）。This is the book for which you asked.這是你要的那本書(shū)。This is the book (which /that you asked for.3)在“介詞短語(yǔ)+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)

6、構(gòu)中，若介詞短語(yǔ)表示位置，則定語(yǔ)從句往往用倒裝語(yǔ)序。常用的這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)有:at the foot of, at the back of, in front of, on the top of 等。They stayed in a big hotel, i n front of which was a garde n.他們住在一家大旅館里，旅館前面有一個(gè)花園。4) “名詞(代詞，數(shù)詞)+介詞。f+關(guān)系代詞”所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句通常是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，該結(jié)構(gòu)在 定語(yǔ)從句中一般作主語(yǔ)。The buildi ng has bee n repaired, the roof of which was destro

7、yed aga in in the big fire.那座大樓 曾經(jīng)修復(fù)過(guò)，但在大火中，樓頂又被燒毀了。5) “介詞+whose”在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾其后的名詞。She's the very pers on in whose pocket I found my lost pocket.她正是我在她口袋中找到我丟掉的手表的那個(gè)人。3 .關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選用定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞可用以下兩種方式判斷：用法依據(jù)根據(jù)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，后面若無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞：是不及物動(dòng)詞則用關(guān)系副詞根據(jù)先行詞在從句中作的成分把先行詞放進(jìn)定語(yǔ)從句中，若作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)用關(guān)系代詞；作狀語(yǔ)

8、則用關(guān)系 副詞This is the factory where he used to work.這是他以前工作過(guò)的那家工廠。（work是不及物動(dòng)詞）This is the factory tha t / which I visited last year.這是我去年參觀過(guò)的那家工廠。（visit是及物動(dòng)詞）Is this the museum （ that / which） you visited a few years ago?這就是你幾天前參觀的那家博物館嗎？（從句缺少賓語(yǔ)）Is this the museum where the exhibiti on was held?這就是舉辦展覽

9、的那座博物館嗎？（從句缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）Exercises:1. I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A. WhenB. AfterC. AsD .Since2. Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chanee of having heart disease than those don ' t.A. who ; /B. /; whoC. who; who D. /; /3. Whe

10、re did you get to know her?It was on the farm we worked.A. that B. there C. which D. where4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wan ted to buy it.A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. n either of them5. He was educated at the local high school,he went on toBeijing Uni

11、versity.A. after whichB. after thatC. in whichD. in that6. All the neighbors admire this family the parents are treating their child like a friend.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. that7. The house I grow up has bee n take n dow n and replaced by an office buildi ng.A. in itB. inC. in thatD. in which8. Gun c

12、on trol is a subject _ America ns have argued for a long time.A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. into which9. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A. whatB. whoseC. whichD. that10. The n ewly built caf, the walls of are pain ted light gree n, is really a

13、peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.A. thatB. itC. whatD. which11. The old temple roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.A. whereB. whichC. itsD. whose12. The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what13. It was April 29, 2011 P

14、rince William and Kate Middiet on walked into the palace hall of the weddi ng ceremony.A. thatB. whe nC. sinceD. before14. The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.A. theyB. whereC. whatD. that15. A bank is a place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and a

15、sk for it back whe n itbegi ns to rain.A. whe nB. thatC. whereD. there16. It is the third time that she has won the race,has surprised all of us.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what17. In our class there are 46 stude nts, half wear glasses.A. i n whomB. in themC. of whomD. of them18. The air quality in th

16、e city, is show n in the report, has improved over the past two mon ths.A. thatB. itC. asD. what19. Maria has writte n two no vels, both of have bee n made into televisi on series.A. themB. thatC. whichD. what20. The Gate of Fort une, from top visitors can enjoy a won derful sea view, will attract l

17、ots of visitors.A. whichB. whoseC. whereD. its21. The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. whatI ve become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the En glish speech con test last year.A. whoB. whereC. whe nD. whichIt is said

18、 that many people are worried about the year 2012,they think the earth will be destroyed by disasters.A. whe nI have n ever heardB. where stories.C. as he told.D. which24. A. such; whichB. such; asC. such; likeD. so; thatYesterday we went to visit the farm25. A. in whichB. thatmy father used to work for n early ten Yeac. whereD. all of abovesolving many problemsD. AsHer work changed the way people think about chimps.26. A. thatB. in whichC.不填is announced in today1 s paper, they have succeeded in 27 accord ing to the new theory. A. It B. ThatC. WhatThe days are gone physical s