小升初小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)歸納

1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載小升初英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)歸納一、名 詞表示某一事物,有詳細(xì)的和抽象的之分；分為可數(shù)名詞和不行數(shù)名詞；強(qiáng)調(diào)：不行數(shù)名詞都默認(rèn)為單數(shù),所以總是用 據(jù) some、any、a lot of 等詞去作判 斷,以免受誤導(dǎo)；1、可數(shù)名詞如何變 “復(fù)數(shù)形式 ”：is 或者 was；最好不要根a一般情形下, 直接加 -s,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；讀音：清輔音后讀,濁輔音和元音后讀 z；b以 s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾,加 -es,如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watche

2、s ；讀音： iz ；c以“輔音字母 +y” 結(jié)尾,變 y 為 i, 再加-es,如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries ；讀音： z；d以“ f或 fe ”結(jié)尾,變 f 或 fe 為 v, 再加-es,如：knife-knives ,thief-thieves；讀音： z；e以“ o”結(jié)尾的詞,分兩種情形 1）有生命的 +es 讀音： z 如：mango-mangoes 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes 2 無(wú)生命的 +s 讀音： z 如：photo-photos radio-radios f. 不規(guī)章

3、名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 2、不行數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)；假如要運(yùn)算不行數(shù)名詞所表達(dá)的數(shù)量,就得 在數(shù)詞和不行數(shù)名詞之間加上“量 詞+of ”；例如： a glass of water, a piece of paper, a

4、bottle of juice 判定步驟：如是 am、is 或 was原形 讀句子 讀該單詞 熟悉該單詞 懂得意思 看 be 動(dòng)詞如是 are或 were加 s 或 es 練一練：學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載1、寫(xiě)出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)；I _ him _ this _ her _ watch _ mango_child _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _ engineer_ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ leaf_ people_ 2、用所給名詞的正確形式填

5、空；（1）Are there two box on the table. （2）I can see some people in the cinema. （3）How many day are there in a week. （4）Herere five bottle of juice for you. （5）This violin is hers. Those grape are over there. 二、冠 詞冠詞是一種虛詞,不能獨(dú)立使用,通常放在名詞的前面,分為“不定冠詞”和“定冠詞 ” 兩種；1、不定冠詞： a、an；用在單數(shù)名詞前,表示 在以元音 “音素”開(kāi)頭的單詞前；如：“一個(gè)

6、,一件 ” ；an 用學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載an e-mail, an orange, an old man, an English watch, an hour2、定冠詞： the；用在單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)名詞前；譯為這、那；它的基本用法：the 沒(méi)有詳細(xì)意思,有時(shí)翻（1）用來(lái)表示特指某 （些）人或某（些）事物；如：The map on the wall is new. （2）表示說(shuō)話者雙方都知道的人或事物；（3）表示再次提到前面談過(guò)的人或事物；is beautiful. 如：Look at the picture, please. 如：This is a stamp. The stamp （4）用在

7、表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前；如：the sun太陽(yáng) the moon月亮 the earth地球（5）用在由一般名詞構(gòu)成的專出名詞前；如：the Great Wall長(zhǎng)城（6）用在江河、湖海等專出名詞前；如：the Changjiang River長(zhǎng)江（7）此外,序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)、樂(lè)器名稱等詞前面和一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中一般都用定冠詞 the；如：the first day, the best boy, play the piano, in the same class 確定用 a、an 仍是 the 時(shí)可依據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思；練一練：1、用 a 或 an 填空；_ “ U” _ ice-cream _

8、goalkeeper _ teapot _apple 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載_office _English book _umbrella _unit _hour 2、依據(jù)需要,填寫(xiě)冠詞 a,an或 the；（1）Who is _girl behind _tree. （2） _old man has two children, _ son and _daughter. （3）This is _ orange. _ orange is Lucys.（4）He likes playing _guitar. We have _same hobby. （5）We all had_good time la

9、st Sunday. （6）She wants to be_doctor.三,數(shù) 詞我們學(xué)過(guò)兩類：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞；基數(shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少,而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序,常在日期中顯現(xiàn)；區(qū)分：基數(shù)詞前面沒(méi)有“ the ”；序數(shù) 詞前肯定要有 “ the ”；1、超過(guò)二十以上的兩位數(shù)需要在個(gè)位和十位之間加上“-” ；如：21 twenty-one 2、三位數(shù)以上的就需要在百位數(shù)后再加上and；如：101 a/one hundred and 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載one 3、用基數(shù)詞來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí),肯定別忘了它的復(fù)數(shù)形式；如：十八 個(gè)男孩 eighteen boys 4、用基數(shù)詞修飾不行數(shù)名詞時(shí),如是復(fù)數(shù),變

10、它的量詞為復(fù)數(shù)；如：兩碗米飯 two bowls of rice 5、序數(shù)詞一般加 “ th ”,特別的有： first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth 以及二十及二十以外的整十： twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 不變,后面 “幾”改為序數(shù)詞；如： 88 eighty-eighth 練一練：1、請(qǐng)翻譯以下短語(yǔ)；（1）60 名同學(xué)（2）15 本英語(yǔ)書(shū)（3）九杯涼水（4）4 個(gè)孩子（5）12 月 31 （6）6 月 2 日（7）第九周第幾十幾 ”：前面整十學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載（8）40 年前（9）11+7 （

11、10）上學(xué)第一天 2、把以下基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞；one- two- three- nine- fourteen- twenty- thirty-five- eighty-one四、代 詞代詞有兩種：人稱代詞和物主代詞；1、人稱代詞分為：第一、其次、第三人稱,且有單復(fù)數(shù)之分；2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語(yǔ),一般用在動(dòng)詞前（疑問(wèn)句除外）；賓格在句中做賓語(yǔ),多用于動(dòng)詞、介詞后；3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用,后面肯定要跟名詞,表示該名 詞是屬于誰(shuí)的；4、名詞性物主代詞 =形容詞性物主代詞 +名詞；如：學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載 This is my bag. = This is mine. That i

12、s her ruler. = That is hers. 一般看后面有沒(méi)出名詞,如有,就用形容詞性物主代詞；如無(wú),就用名 詞性物主代詞；請(qǐng)牢登記表：二、代詞人稱代主格賓格形容詞性物主代名詞性物主代詞詞I 詞 短 （長(zhǎng)）我me my mine 你 you you your yours 他 he him his his 她 she her her hers 我們 we us our ours 你們 you your yours ou 他們 them their theirs they 口訣：主格應(yīng)當(dāng)作主語(yǔ),放在句子的開(kāi)頭 ; 賓格應(yīng)當(dāng)作賓語(yǔ),放在動(dòng)詞介詞后；學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載形容詞性的物主代詞不

13、能單獨(dú)用,必需接名詞或其他詞；名詞性的物主代詞,單獨(dú)使用就可以；1、按要求寫(xiě)出相應(yīng)人稱代詞；I（賓格） _ she（形容詞性物主代詞） _ we（名詞性物主代詞） _ he（復(fù)數(shù)） _ us（單數(shù)） _ theirs（主格）_ its（賓格） _ 2、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；1）That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. I 2）The dress is _. Give it to _. she 3）Is this _ watch. you No, its not _ . I 4）_ is my brother

14、. _ name is Jack. Look. Those stamps are _. he 5）_ dresses are red. we What colour are _. you 6）Show _ your kite, OK. they 7）I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. it 8）Are these _ tickets. No, _ are not _. _ aren t here. they 學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載9）Shall _ have a look at that classroom. That

15、 is _ classroom. we 10）_ is my aunt. Do you know _ job. _is a nurse. she 11）Where are _. I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. they 12）Dont touch _. _is not a cat, _ is a tig it 13）_ sister is ill. Please go and see _. she 14）The girl behind _ is our friend. she 五、形容詞、副詞1、形容詞表示某一事物或人的特點(diǎn),副詞表示某一動(dòng)作的特點(diǎn)；形

16、容詞和副詞有三種形式：原形、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)；比較級(jí)： +er 最高級(jí)： the +est兩個(gè)重要特點(diǎn)： as as中間肯定用原形, than 的前面肯定要 +er；2、形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的規(guī)章變化如下：（1）一般直接 +er；如：tall - taller, fast - faster 單音節(jié)詞假如以 -e 結(jié)尾,只加-r；如： late - later 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載（2）重讀閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,如：big - bigger, fat - fatter 須雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)字母, 再加-er；（3）以輔音字母加 -y 結(jié)尾的詞, 變 y 為 i,再加-er；如：heavy - hea

17、vier, early - earlier （4）雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)應(yīng)在原級(jí)前加- more beautiful, more 構(gòu)成；如：beautiful careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting （5）有些不規(guī)章變化的, 須逐一加以記憶； 如：good/well better, bad/ill worse, many/much more, far farther/further, old older/elder練一練：1、寫(xiě)出以下形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)；big good l

18、ong tall old short thin heavy young 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載 fat light strong high far low early late well fast slow 2、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；1 I can swim as _ fast as the fish, I think. 2 Look. His hands are _ big than mine. 3 I think you do these things_ well than your classmates. 4 Whose bag is _ heavy , yours or min

19、e. 5 Does Jim run as _（slow as David. Yes, but Mike runs_ slow than them. 6 You have seven books, but I have _ many than you. I ha ve ten. 7 I jump _ far than some of the boys in my class. 8 I學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載s _ thin than me.m very_ thin , but she9 It gets _and_ warm when spring comes here.六、介 詞1、一種虛詞；不能單獨(dú)

20、作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu) 成介詞短語(yǔ),才能在句子中起作用；有：in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of, from to , at the back of2、表示時(shí)間的介詞有： at, on, in；（1）at 表示“在某一個(gè)詳細(xì)的時(shí)間點(diǎn) 上”,或用在固定詞組中；如：at tenoclock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend（2）on 表示“在某日或 某日的時(shí)間段 ”；如：

21、on Friday, on the first of October, on Monday morning 份、季節(jié)）里 ”；如： in the afternoon, （3）in 表示“在某一段時(shí)間 （月in September, in summer, in 20223、in 一詞仍有其他的固定搭配, 如：in blue（穿著藍(lán)色的衣服） ,in English（用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)）, take part in（參與）；學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載練一練：1、選用括號(hào)內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空；1 What s this _ at, on, in English.2 Christmas is _ at, on, in

22、the 25th of December. 3 The man_ with, on, in black is Su Hais father.4 He doesnt do well _ at, on, in PE. 5 Look at those birds _ on, in the tree. 6 We are going to meet _ at, on, in the bus stop _ at, on, in half past ten. 7 Is there a cat _ under, behind, in the door. 8 Helens writing paper is _

23、in, in front of her computer. 9 We live _ at, on, in a new house now. 10 Does it often rain _ at, on, in spring there. 2、圈出以下句子中運(yùn)用不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~,并將正確的答案寫(xiě)在橫線上；1 Jim is good in English and Maths. 2 The films were in the ground just now. 3 They are talking to their plans. 4 How many students have their birthda

24、ys on May. 5 Womens Day is at the third of March. 6 I can jog to school on the morning. 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載7 Did you water trees at the farm. 8 Can you come and help me on my English. 9 I usually take photos in Sunday morning. the Spring Festival. 七、動(dòng) 詞10 What did you do on 這里所說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞是指各種動(dòng)詞總稱,其中包括 be 動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)

25、詞、行為動(dòng)詞（就是我們平常總說(shuō)的那種動(dòng)詞）；動(dòng)詞、名詞和形容詞不太簡(jiǎn)單區(qū)分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法：先用“一（量詞） ”（如：一個(gè)、一張等）和這個(gè)詞連起來(lái)說(shuō),如說(shuō)得通,一般認(rèn)為是名詞；說(shuō)不通再用“很”去判定,就是把 “很”和為個(gè)詞連起來(lái)說(shuō),說(shuō)得通一般就是形容詞；都說(shuō)不通就是動(dòng)詞；（目前我們學(xué)過(guò)的,以后可能不同）（另外一些很明顯的,如人稱代詞、數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等 一下就可以知道）1、be 動(dòng)詞（ am, is, are, was, were ）1）amwas, is was, are-were 口訣：我用 am, 你用 are, is用在他她它,全部復(fù)數(shù)全用 are；2）確定和否定句 I a

26、m not from London. He isnot a teacher. She isnot 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載in the dining room. My hair isnotlong. Her eyes arenot small. 3）一般疑問(wèn)句 Am I a Chinese. Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are they American. Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat. Yes, it is. No, it isnt. 4）be 動(dòng)詞的否定形式： am not（沒(méi)有縮寫(xiě)形式） ,are n

27、ot = aren,is not = isn ；t 用恰當(dāng)?shù)?be 動(dòng)詞填空；練一練：1、用 be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；1）I _ a boy. _ you a boy. No, I _ not. 2）The girl_ Jacks sister. 3）The dog _ tall and fat. 4）The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5）_ your brother in the classroom. 6）How _ your father. 7）Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 8）Whose dress _ this. 學(xué)習(xí)

28、好資料 歡迎下載9）Whose socks _ they. 10）Who _ I. 11）The jeans _ on the desk. 12）Here _ a scarf for you. 13）Here _ some sweaters for you. 14）The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 15）This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 16）The two cups of milk _ for me. 17）Some tea _ in the glass. 18）Gao shans shirt _ over there.

29、19）My sisters name _Nancy. 20）_ David and Helen from England. 21）There _ a girl in the room. 22）There _ some apples on the tree. 23）_ there any apple juice in the bottle. 24）There _ some bread on the plate. 25）You, he and I _ from China. 26）There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the pa

30、rk. 2、助動(dòng)詞（do, does, did ）學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載do, does用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 其過(guò)去式 did 用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)； 它們通常用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中；它們的否定形式：do not = don t, does not = doesnt, did not = didn；t留意：在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中, does用于第三人稱單數(shù), 其余一律用助動(dòng)詞do；助動(dòng)詞 do, does, did后面肯定要用動(dòng)詞原形；練一練1、用適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦?dòng)詞填空；1 _you like this magazine. 2 The girl_like bread for breakfast. 3 -What _ sh

31、e _ at the weekends. -She usually plays games with her friends. 4 -Wha_ you do last Sunday. -I wrote to my friend. 5 -Did you see a Beijing opera. -No, I _. 6 He _not visit a farm last National Day holiday. 7 They_ not like playing volleyball. 8 - _Jim have a picnic with his family every Saturday. -

32、Yes, he . 9 _Helen and Yang Ling go to school on foot every day. 10 -How many kites _we have. -We have ten.學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也是一類特別的動(dòng)詞,平常我們不把它說(shuō)成是動(dòng)詞；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以和行為動(dòng)詞同時(shí)顯現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中；我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)過(guò)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：may、might 、must；can、could、shall、should、will 、would、留意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞總是用原形；（不受其他任何條件影響）其否定形式：can not = cant, must not = mu

33、stn留意：may not和shall not（無(wú)縮寫(xiě)形式）練一練：挑選填空； 1 The sign on the wall means you _stay away from the building. A. must B. can t C. shouldnt 2 How many books _ you see on the desk. A. may B. can C. should 3 It means you _ make noise in the library. A. should B. shouldnt C. can 4 - _you like a glass of milk.

34、- Yes, please. A. May B. Could C. Would 5 - _you see the sign over there. - Sorry, I can A. t.學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載Can B. Can C. Should 6 _ we go to the park by bus. A. May B. Must C. Shall 4、行為動(dòng)詞就是我們平常上課時(shí)說(shuō)的動(dòng)詞, 表示某一動(dòng)作或行為； 如：sweep、live等；行為動(dòng)詞我們已學(xué)過(guò)它們的四種形式：原形、第三人稱單數(shù) +s/es、現(xiàn)在分詞（也叫動(dòng)名詞）+ing、過(guò)去式 +ed；（1）動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)章：A、

35、一般直接加 “ s”,如： play plays, visit visits, speak speaks ；B、以“ s”,“ x”,“ sh”,“ ch”結(jié)尾時(shí),加“ es”,如：catch catches, watch watches ；C、以“輔音字母 +y”結(jié)尾時(shí),變“ y”為“ i ”再加“ es”,如：carry carries, study studies ；（2）現(xiàn)在分詞（動(dòng)名詞）構(gòu)成規(guī)章：A、一般直接加 “ ing ”,如： go going, do doing, look looking ；B、以不發(fā)音的 “ e”結(jié)尾的單詞,去“ e” 加“ ing ”,如：take ta

36、king, make making, have having ；學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載C、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞, 如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母, 需要雙寫(xiě)這 個(gè)字母再加 “ ing ”,如：put putting, stop stopping, run running, get getting, swim swimming, sit sitting, begin beginning, jog jogging, forget forgetting ；（3）過(guò)去式構(gòu)成規(guī)章：A、一般直接加 “ ed”,如： plant planted, visit visited, pick picked ；B、以不發(fā)音字

37、母 “ e”結(jié)尾,直接加 “ ed”,如：like liked, hope hoped, taste tasted ；C、以“輔音字母 +y” 結(jié)尾時(shí),變“ y”為“ i ”再加“ ed”,如：try tried, carry carried, study studied ；D、有些動(dòng)詞要雙寫(xiě)最終一個(gè)字母,再加“ ed”,如： stop stopped ；E、仍有很多動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是不規(guī)章的,請(qǐng)記憶：是-ambe-was-being；是-arebe-were-being；是-be-was, were-being；成為-become-became-becoming； 開(kāi)頭 -begin-began

38、-beginning；彎學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載曲-bend-bent-bending；吹-blow-blew-blowing ；買-buy-bought-buying；能-can-could-；捕獲-catch-caught-catching；挑選-choose-chose-choosing；來(lái)-come-came-coming；切-cut-cut-cutting；做-do, does-did-doing；畫(huà)-draw-drew-drawing；飲-drink-drank-drinking ；吃-eat-ate-eating；感覺(jué) -feel-felt-feeling ；發(fā)覺(jué)-find-foun

39、d-finding ；飛-fly-flew-flying ；遺忘 -forget-forgot-forgetting ；得到-get-got-getting；給-give-gave-giving；走-go-went-going；成長(zhǎng)-grow-grew-growing ；有-have, has-had-having；聽(tīng)-hear-heard-hearing；受傷-hurt-hurt-hurting；保持 -keep-kept-keeping；知道-know-knew-knowing ；學(xué)習(xí)-learn-learned, learnt-learning；答應(yīng),讓-let-let-letting

40、；躺-lie-lay-lying ；制造-make-made-making；可以 -may-might-；意味-mean-meant-meaning；會(huì)見(jiàn) -meet-met-meeting；必需-must-must-；放置 -put-put-putting；讀-read-read-reading；騎、學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載乘-ride-rode-riding；響、鳴-ring-rang-ringing；跑-run-ran-running；說(shuō)-say-said-saying；看見(jiàn)-see-saw-seeing；將-shall-should-；唱歌 -sing-sang-singing；坐下-si

41、t-sat-sitting；睡覺(jué) -sleep-slept-sleeping；說(shuō)-speak-spoke-speaking；度過(guò)-spend-spent-spending ；5. 使役動(dòng)詞： have, make, let 如：Let me help you. 后面直接用動(dòng)詞原形；Mother made Jim stay at home all day. 1.主語(yǔ)是 he ,she, it, either, neither, each, anything, something, everything, nothing, someone, everyone, anyone, nobody, no

42、 one, 等代詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；Someone is asking for you. 有人在找你；Everyone is here. 大家都來(lái)了；Each of the boys has an apple. 2. 表示總稱意義的名詞people, cattle, police做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；Cattle are farmer學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載s friends.The policeman is standing at the street corner. The police are searching for him. 3. 主語(yǔ)是：時(shí)間,距離,價(jià)格等名詞,即使是復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂

43、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只用單數(shù)；Three years passes quickly. Two meters is not long enough. 4.主語(yǔ)是：clothes, glasses, trousers, shoes, socks, gloves 等名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；The trousers are not expensive. Your socks are over there. 5.主語(yǔ)是： family, class, team, group等名詞時(shí),假如是作為整體,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；假如作為其中一個(gè)個(gè)的成員,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；Our class is made up of ten stu

44、dents. Our class are working very hard. 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載6. 主語(yǔ)是 the number of+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí), 表示 的數(shù)目,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；但是主語(yǔ)是 a number of+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),表示很多,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；The number of students in our school is large. A number of students in our school are from America. 7.and 連接的兩個(gè)成對(duì)的名詞： fork and knife, bread and butter, coffee and water

45、 等,表示單一的概念,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Where is youe fork and knife. Bread and butter is a daily food in the west. 8. and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞如是指同一個(gè)人,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；The teacher and writer is my uncle. The teacher and the writer are coming to us now. 9. and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞前分別有every, each, many a修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；Every boy and every girl enjoys themselve

46、s in the school. 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載Many a teacher and many a student has spoken at the meeting. 10. 主語(yǔ)是： many a + 名詞單數(shù)； a +名詞單數(shù) +or two ,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；Many a student is interested in English. 很多同學(xué)對(duì)英語(yǔ)感愛(ài)好；A worker or two is going to be sent to work abroad. 一兩個(gè)工人將被派往國(guó)外去工作；11. 主語(yǔ)是： one or two+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；One or two

47、 spelling mistakes have been found in your composition. 12. One and a half+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；One and a half bananas is left on the table. 13.either or , neither nor , not only but also 等連接名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循就近原就；Neither you nor he is right. 14.主語(yǔ)是：介詞 with, together with, except, besides, as well as, but 等連

48、接的兩個(gè)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與介詞前面的名詞的數(shù)保學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載持一樣；The teacher with his students is discussing a question. 老師和學(xué) 生們?cè)跔?zhēng)論問(wèn)題；Nothing but cars is sold in the shop. 練一練：1、寫(xiě)出以下動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)；drink _go _stay _make _look _have _ pass _carry _come _watch _plant _fly _ study _brush _do _teach_ take_ see_2、寫(xiě)出以下動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞；put _giv

49、e _fly _get _dance _sit_ run _ plant _take _swim _ask _stop 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載_take _ write _have _smoke _ think_ want_ tell_3、寫(xiě)出以下動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式；isam _fly _plant _are _drink _play _go _ make _does _dance _worry _ask _taste _ eat _draw _put _throw _kick _pass _do _4、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；（1）I _to school from Monday to Friday.

50、 My brother often _to school with me. Yesterday we_to school together. We like _to school very much. go （2）They usually _lunch at home. But last week, they _lunch at school. have （3）That_my English book. It _new. But now it _not here. It _there a moment ago. be 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載（4）My sister likes _very muc

51、h. She often _at our school festival. Last term, she _a lot of songs in the school hall. She _beautifully. sing （5）What _ he usually _on Sunday. He usually _his homework. Look. He _his homework now. _he _his homework last Sunday. Yes, he_. do （6）Do people usually_ moon cakes at Mid-autumn Festival.

52、Yes, they do. Did you _moon cakes last Mid-autumn Festival. Yes, I did. I _a lot of delicious moon cakes. eat 八、there/here be結(jié)構(gòu)1、there be結(jié)構(gòu)表示 “某時(shí)、某地存在著什么事物或人”,包括 there is、there are、there was、there were；here be結(jié)構(gòu)與它類似, 用法也完全相同, 只不過(guò)是表示 “這里存在著什么事物或人 ”；學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載2、和 have、has、had 的區(qū)分：（1）There be 句型表示：在某地有

53、某物（或人）；而 have、has、had 表示：某人擁有某物；（2）在 there be 句型中,主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),be 動(dòng)詞用 is；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù), be 動(dòng) 詞用 are；如有幾件物品, be 動(dòng)詞依據(jù)最近 be 動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞打算 “ 就近原就 ” ；（3）there be 句型的否定句在 be 動(dòng)詞后加 not , 一般疑問(wèn)句把 be 動(dòng)詞 調(diào)到句首；（4）there be句型與 havehas 的區(qū)分：there be 表示在某地有某物（或 人）； havehas 表示某人擁有某物；（5）some和 any 在 there be 句型中的運(yùn)用： some 用于確定句, any 用 于否定句

54、或疑問(wèn)句；or 用于（6）and 和 or 在 there be句型中的運(yùn)用： and 用于確定句,否定句或疑問(wèn)句；（7）針對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)的特別疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：How many + 名詞復(fù) 數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語(yǔ)？How much + 不行數(shù)名詞+ is there + 介詞短語(yǔ)？（8）針對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)的特別疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Whats + 介詞短語(yǔ)？學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載（9）There be結(jié)構(gòu)一般用在句子的開(kāi)頭,而 主語(yǔ)后面；練一練：1、用恰當(dāng)?shù)?be 動(dòng)詞填空；1 There _ four seasons in a year. have等詞只能用于某一個(gè)2 There _

55、not any trees two years ago. 3 - _there a post office near your school. -Yes, there _. 4 -How many stops _there. -There_only one. 5 There _not any stamps on the envelope. 6 _ there any birds in the tree. 7 There_ a shopping centre near our school last year. But now there_ no one. 8 There _only three

56、 of us: my dad, my mum and me. 9 Here _some bread for you. 10 In New York, there _ a lot of rain in spring.2、選用 “ have, has, had, there is, there are, there was, there were 填空；1 I _a good father and a good mother. on the desk. 2 _ a telescope 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載3 He _a tape-recorder. 4 _a basketball in the p

57、layground. 5 They _ a nice garden. 6 My father _ a story-book last year. 7 _a reading-room in the building. 8 What does Mike _. 9 _any books in the bookcase. 10 How many students _in the classroom. 11 _a story-book on the table a moment ago. 12 What do you _. 13 My parents _ some nice pictures. 14 _

58、 some maps on the wall. 15 _ a map of the world on the wall. 16 Davids friends _ some tents. 17 _ many children on the hill. 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載九、some,any 的用法some用于確定句； any 用于否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句；請(qǐng)留意看例句后擴(kuò)號(hào)中說(shuō)明的用法；例：There is some water in the glass. （確定句）There are some flowers in the garden. （確定句）There arent any lamps in

59、 the study.（否定句）Are there any maps on the wall.（一般疑問(wèn)句）Would you like some orange juice. （期望得到確定回答）Do you want to take any photos at the party. （一般疑問(wèn)句）練一練：選用 some或 any填空；1 There isnt _milk in the fridge.2 I can see_cars, but I cant see_buses.3 He has _ friends in England. 4 Were there _fruit trees on

60、 the farm. 5 Here are _presents for you. 6 Does Tom want to take _ photos. 學(xué)習(xí)好資料 歡迎下載7 Is there_rice in the kitchen. 8 There are_new buildings in our school. 9-Would you like_ cakes. -No, I d not like _cakes, but Id like _coffee.10 -Are there_pictures on the wall. -No, there arent _pictures.十、動(dòng)詞不定式1