Unit1ScienceFictionReviewUsefulStructures被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件高二英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)thepassivevoicelearningobjectives:1.learntheformandthefunctionofthepassivevoice2.applythepassivevoiceintotheerexcises3.improvetheabilityofdoingexercises.目錄Contentsleadin01Themonstercaught

ourmaster.妖怪抓走了我們的師傅。Ourmasterwascaughtbythemonster.我們的師父被妖怪抓走了。Whatkindofvoicestheyare?Activevoice(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))orPassivevoice（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）?ThemonkeybeatsBaJie.悟空打了八戒。BaJieisbeatenbythemonkey.八戒被悟空打了。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的概念一、什么是語(yǔ)態(tài)？語(yǔ)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種表現(xiàn)形式，用來(lái)說(shuō)明___________和___________之間的關(guān)系。二、語(yǔ)態(tài)的種類：______________和_________________三、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式：____________________________Youhitme.Iwashit/beaten.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)bedone(動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞)用法1）不知道或沒(méi)必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者e.g.Thisoldbridgewasbuiltin1980.ThiswatchismadeinChina.2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，如果要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，則由介詞by引出e.g.Thethiefwascaught(bypolice).3）動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為物e.g.Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood。4）文章標(biāo)題，廣告新聞中e.g.Womenwanted.Tom

broke

theglassyestersay.Theglass

wasbroken

by

Tom

yesterday.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)三變：賓變主，主變賓，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)一不變：其他均不變主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)一找二換三變四加Doudouis

always

beatenbysomeone.Doudouwasbeatenagainyesterday.Doudou

willbebeatentomorrow.Doudouhasbeenbeaten

threetimes.Doudou

hadbeenbeaten

beforeheleftclassroom.Doudouisbeingbeaten

now.Doudouwasbeingbeaten

atthistimeyesterday.HesaidthatDoudou

wouldbebeaten

nextweek.Doudoumaybebeaten

anytime.不同時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和和數(shù)的變化是由be動(dòng)詞的變化來(lái)表現(xiàn)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be+done(動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/doesam/is/aream/is/are+done2一般過(guò)去時(shí)did/was/werewas/were+done3一般將來(lái)時(shí)will+V原will+be+done4過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)would+V原would+be+done5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+doingam/is/are+being+done6過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+doingwas/werebeing

done7現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+donehave/hasbeendone8過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+donehad+been+done9含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+V原情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+done不同時(shí)態(tài)下的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/were+過(guò)去分詞3.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.一般將來(lái)時(shí)：willbedone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are+being+過(guò)去分詞4.Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.6．We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/has+been+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were+being+過(guò)去分詞5．I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.7．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina．Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can/may/must/should+be+done02主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)特殊變化1.△主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+雙賓語(yǔ)（間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)）1）間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)保持不變2）直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)用to或for引導(dǎo)Hismother

gave

him

agiftforhisbirthday.Hewasgivenagiftbyhismotherforhisbirthday.Agiftwasgiventohimbyhismotherforhisbirthday.Wearetoputoffthesportsmeeting.Thesportsmeetingistobeputoff.Thenursewill

takegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabywillbetakengoodcareofbythenurse.2.△動(dòng)詞+介詞/副詞短語(yǔ)用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，看做整體，不可以拆開(kāi)，介詞/副詞不可省略Someonecaught

theboy

smokingacigarette.Theboy

wascaught

smokingacigarette.Theypainted

thedoor

green.Thedoor

waspainted

green.3.△主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，其余不動(dòng)。4.使役動(dòng)詞/感官動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)規(guī)則：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)to走開(kāi)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)to還原一感

feel二聽(tīng)

listento,hear三使

make,let,have四看

look,see,watch,notice半幫助

helpsb(to)dosthHeoftenmakes

hissister

cry.Hissister

isoftenmadetocrybyhim.Iheard

thegirl

singyesterday.Thegirl

washeard

tosingbymeyesterday.Weoftensee

them

playfootball.They

areoftenseen

toplayfootballbyus.Note:當(dāng)使用see/hear/watchsbdoingsth時(shí),變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，doing不變。

Isawhimgoingintotheshop.(主動(dòng))Hewasseengoingintotheshop.(被動(dòng))

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)使役動(dòng)詞makesbdosthbemadetodosthhavesbdosthbehadtodosthletsbdosthbelettodosth感官動(dòng)詞seesbdosthbeseentodosthwatchsbdosthbewatchedtodosthhearsbdosthbeheardtodosthnoticesbdosthbenoticedtodosthgo5.主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義的幾種情況：(1)連系動(dòng)詞(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，seem，appear，prove等)后接表語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Theideasoundsgreat.這個(gè)主意聽(tīng)起來(lái)棒極了。Thepopcorntheymadelookedwonderfulandtasteddelicious.他們做的爆米花看起來(lái)棒極了，吃起來(lái)也很美味。(2)當(dāng)wash，write，sell，open，close，shut，lock，cook等不及物動(dòng)詞后加副詞(easily，well等)時(shí)，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Thiskindofclothwasheseasilyandlastslong.這種布料很容易洗，并且耐穿。Thepenmyfathergavemeasabirthdaygiftwritessmoothly.父親給我作為生日禮物的鋼筆寫(xiě)起來(lái)很流暢。(3)need，want，require，deserve等＋doing用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Hishairneedscutting.→Hishairneedstobecut.他的頭發(fā)需要剪了。(4)beworthdoing=beworthytobedone主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Thenovelisworthreadingagain.→Thenovelisworthytobereadagain.這部小說(shuō)值得再讀一次。五、動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Iamveryhappytobethuspraised.受到如此褒獎(jiǎng)我非常高興。Themagazinesarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthelibrary.這些雜志不允許帶出圖書(shū)館。Theroomseemstohavebeenbrokeninto.似乎有人闖進(jìn)過(guò)這個(gè)房間。IamproudtohavebeenadmittedtoPekingUniversity.我很自豪已被北京大學(xué)錄取。重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)03五、動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Iamveryhappytobethuspraised.受到如此褒獎(jiǎng)我非常高興。Themagazinesarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthelibrary.這些雜志不允許帶出圖書(shū)館。Theroomseemstohavebeenbrokeninto.似乎有人闖進(jìn)過(guò)這個(gè)房間。IamproudtohavebeenadmittedtoPekingUniversity.我很自豪已被北京大學(xué)錄取。

總結(jié)<<<動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“to＋be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，要用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式。動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式只有一般式(tobedone)和完成式(tohavebeendone)。2.動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義的情況(1)sbhavesthtodo/Therebesthtodo句型中Beforetheendofthemeeting，Ihavesomethingimportanttodeclare.會(huì)議結(jié)束之前，我有很重要的事情要宣布。Thereissomuchhomeworktodoeveryday，whichalmostdrivesmemad.每天有那么多家庭作業(yè)要做，這幾乎讓我發(fā)瘋。(2)動(dòng)詞不定式跟在性質(zhì)形容詞(difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，good等)后，與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)(構(gòu)成sb/sthbe＋adj.＋todo)Ourheadmasterlookshardtogetcloseto，butinfactheiseasytogetalongwith.我們校長(zhǎng)看起來(lái)很難接近，但實(shí)際上他很容易相處。(3)“疑問(wèn)詞＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)Withsomanybooksathand，Tomhadnoideawhichtoreadfirst.手上有那么多的書(shū)，湯姆不知道先讀哪一本。六、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)1.意義差別Thewindowisbroken.窗子破了。Thewindowisbrokenbyhim.窗子被他打破了。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)描寫(xiě)人或事物的特征及狀態(tài)。2.用法差別Hewasveryinterestedinscience.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))他對(duì)科學(xué)非常有興趣。IwassomuchsurprisedbythescenethatIdidn’tknowwhattodo.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))我被那種場(chǎng)面搞得大吃一驚，不知所措。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)接近形容詞的特征，可以被so，very，too等程度副詞修飾；而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能用so，very，too修飾，需用much，verymuch，somuch，toomuch修飾。擴(kuò)展：常用it做形式主語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)句型Itis+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+that從句，意思為“據(jù)…/人們…”Itissaidthat…據(jù)說(shuō)Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道Itisthoughtthat…人們認(rèn)為Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知……Itissupposedthat…據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō)……您的內(nèi)容打在這里，或者通過(guò)復(fù)制您的文本后，在此框中粘貼，并只保留文字。您的內(nèi)容打在這里，或者通過(guò)復(fù)制您的文本后，在此框中選擇粘貼。01您的內(nèi)容打在這里，或者通過(guò)復(fù)制您的文本后，在此框中選擇粘貼。02您的內(nèi)容打在這里，或者通過(guò)復(fù)制您的文本后，在此框中選擇粘貼。03重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)通過(guò)復(fù)制您的文本后，在此框中選擇粘貼，并選擇只保留文字。標(biāo)題內(nèi)容通過(guò)復(fù)制您的文本后，在此框中選擇粘貼，并選擇只保留文字。標(biāo)題內(nèi)容通過(guò)復(fù)制您的文本后，在此框中選擇粘貼，并選擇只保留文字。標(biāo)題內(nèi)容通過(guò)復(fù)制您的文本后，在此框中選擇粘貼，并選擇只保留文字。標(biāo)題內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)當(dāng)堂練習(xí)04Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.It

(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangDynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.2.Thewater

(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.3.Themedian(中間值的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30—todayitis41and

(expect)toincreaseto42by2050.4.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsbecausetheirownhouse___________

(decorate).wasbuilt達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)feltisexpectedisbeingdecorated5.Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulations___________________(employ)onlysincethemid-1980s，andareexpensivetoperformconsistentlyoveralargearea.6.Anyonewhohashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworth

(praise).7.Jonesgottheideaafterhehadtalkedwithasaleswoman

who________

(cheat)ofhermoney.havebeenemployedpraisinghadbeencheated8.Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenarea

(run)out.Wemusttakeactionimmediately.9.Afterhetookoverthecompany，hedecidedtohavemoreworkersfortheprojectsothatitwon’t

(delay).10.Inherspeech，thechairwomanstressesthatnoproblemhereisdifficult