人教版高中英語必修4課文原文Unit1--5

1、精品文檔必修 4 Unit 1A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFEIt is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people unders

2、tand how much they behave likehumans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move

3、off. Then we followas they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way ofshowing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty bythe afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We wat

4、ch the motherchimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for thenight. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and record

5、ing their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in theirown environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first fewmonths was she a

6、llowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as agroup hunting a monkey and then eating

7、it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild a

8、nimals should be left inthe wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. Its terrible. It affects me

9、 when I watch thewild chimps. I say to myself, Arent they lucky? And then I think about small chimps in cages.精品文檔though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that youcan never forget .She has achieved everythingshe wanted to do: workingwithanimals in their ownenvironment, gaining a docto

10、rs degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can.She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK?I enjoyed English, biology,and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study atuniversity? I did not know the answer until on

11、e evening when I sat down at the computer to dosome research on great women of China.By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist inwomens diseases. She livedfrom 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy in herchosen career, travelling abroad to study

12、 as well as writing books and articles. One of them caughtmy eye. It was a smallbook explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies. She gave somesimple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness. Why did she writethat? Who were the women that Li

13、n Qiaozhi thought needed this advice? I looked carefully at thetext andrealized that it was intended for women in the countryside. Perhaps if they had an emergency theycould not reach a doctor.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.That was a generat

14、ion when girls education was always placed second to boys. Was she so muchcleverer than anyone else? Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school. What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideratio

15、n she showed to all her patients. There was story afterstory of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a days work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.By now I could not wait to find out more about her. I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi haddevoted her whole life to her pa

16、tients and had chosen not to have a family of her own. Instead shemade sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered. By this time I was very excited. Whynot study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work? It was still not too latefor me to improve my studies, prepare for

17、 the university entrance examinations, and .精品文檔必修 4 Unit 2A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLEAlthough he is one of Chinas most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those

18、 of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for thepast five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce o

19、ne-third more of the crop in the same fields. Now more than60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born into a poor farmers family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.

20、 As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a disturbingproblem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Y uan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fiftymilli

21、on tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced. These increased harvests mean that 22% of the worlds people are fed from just 7% ofthe farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed coun

22、tries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN hasmore tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesnt care about being famous. He feels

23、it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much rather keep time for his hobbles. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. Spending moneyon himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. Indeed, he believes that a person with too

24、much money has more rather than fewer troubles. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Long ago Dr yuan had a dream aboutrice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and

25、each grain of ricewas as huge as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice.精品文檔that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough, especially

26、 for a person who loves and cares for his people.CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Manyfarmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently,however, scientists have been finding

27、 that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to peoples health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in th

28、e ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals andhumans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illne

29、sses. In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizersusually grow too fast to be fullof much nutrition.They may look beautiful, but inside there isusually more water than vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn

30、 toorganic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus onkeeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer

31、. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile.This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for e

32、xample, growing corn or wheat and then thenext year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for examp

33、le, planting peanuts that use thegrounds surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then.精品文檔leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizerfor the next years crop

34、. These manydifferent organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or peoples health.必修 4 Unit 3A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOURAs Victor Hugo once said, Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face,and up to now nobody has been able to d

35、o this better than Charlie Chaplin. He brightened the livesof Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between. He made peoplelaugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.Not that Charlies own life was easy! He was born in a poo

36、r family in 1889. His parentswere both poor music hall performers. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to singas soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. Such training was common inacting families at this time, especially when the family income was often uncertain.

37、Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after hissick mother and his brother. By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England. He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday

38、 tasks. No one was ever bored watching him -his subtle acting made everything entertaining.As time went by, he began making films. He grew more and more popular as his charmingcharacter, the little tramp, became known throughout the world. The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large

39、 trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat. He walked around stilly carrying a walking stick. This character was a social failure but was loved for hisoptimism and determination to overcome all difficulties. He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him.How did the

40、little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? Here is an example from one ofhis most famous films, The Gold Rush. It is themid-nineteenth century and gold has just beendiscovered in California. Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there in search of gold, but without su

41、ccess. Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothing to eat. They are so hungry that they try boiling a pairof leather shoes for their dinner. Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were.精品文檔spaghetti. Then he cuts off the leathe

42、r top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak. Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe. He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and pro

43、duced the films he starred in. In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films. He lived in England and the USA but spent his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977. He is loved and remembered as a greatactor who could inspire people with great confidence.ENGLI

44、SH JOKES1 There are thousands of jokes which use play on words to amuse us. One person asks aquestion which expects a particular reply. Instead, what he gets is another kind of answer which makes the situation funny. Now read some of these customer and waiter jokes. Can you match the joke with the e

45、xplanation?1 C: Whats that fly doing in my soup?W: Swimming, I think!2 C: Whats that?W: Its bean soup.C: I dont want to know what its been. I wantto know what it is now.3 C: Waiter, will the pancakes be long?W: No, sir. Round.2Some jokes are longer and tell a short, funny story. The followingis one

46、of those jokesabout the famous detective Sherlock Holmesand his friend Doctor Watson. Read it and decidewhich of these two kinds of jokes you like better. Give your reasons.Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson went camping in a mountainous area. They werelying in the open air under the stars. Sherlock

47、Holmes looked up at the stars and whispered,Watson, when you look at that beautiful sky, what do you think of? Watson replied, I think ofhow short life is and how long the universe has lasted. No, no, Watson! Holmes said. What do you really think of?. Watson tried again. I think of how small I am an

48、d how vast the sky is. Try again, Watson! said Holmes. Watson tried a third time. I think of how cold the universe isand how warm people can be in their beds. Holmes said, Watson, you fool! You should be thinking that someone has stolen our tent!.精品文檔必修 4 Unit 4COMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM?Yesterday, a

49、nother student and I, representing our universitys student association, went tothe Capital International Airport to meet this years international students. They were coming to study at Beijing University. We would take them first to their dormitories and then to the studentcanteen. After half an hou

50、r of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously. I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. After I met them

51、 and then introduced them to each other, I was very surprised. Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. I guessed that there was probably amajor misunderstanding. Then Akira Nagata from Japan

52、 came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada. As they were introduced, George reached his hand out to the Japanese student.Just at that moment, however, Akira bowed so his nose touched Georges moving hand. They both apologized - another cultural mistake!Ahmed Aziz, another international s

53、tudent, was from Jordan. When we met yesterday, he moved very close to me as I introduced myself. I moved back a bit, but he came closer to ask aquestion and then shook my hand. When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door, she recognized Tony Garcias smiling face. They shook hands

54、and then kissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when adults meet people they know. AhmedAziz., on the contrary, simply nodded at the girls. Men from Middle Eastern and other Muslim countries will often stand quite close to other men to talk but will usually not touch

55、women.As I get to know more international friends, I learn more about this cultural body language. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the sameway with touching or distance between people. In the same way that people communicate with spoken language, they also

56、 express their feelings using unspoken language through physical distance, actions or posture. English people, for example, do not usually stand very close to othersor touch strangers as soon as they meet. However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South.精品文檔American countries approach others

57、closely and are more likely to touch them. Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow.These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways in which cultures have developed. I have seen, however, that cultural customs for body language are very general - not all members of